The spindle moves along with the column to provide the cutting action. Simplex machines (Fig. 7.5) are the ones with only one spindle head while duplex machines have two spindles (Fig. 7.6). The two spindles are located on either side of a heavy workpiece and remove material from both sides simultaneously.
7.3 MILLING CUTTERS
There are a large variety of milling cutters available to suit specific requirements. The versatility of the milling machine is contributed to a great extent by the variety of milling cutters that are available.
7.3.1 Types of Milling Cutters
Milling cutters are classified into various types based on a variety of methods.
(i)Based on construction:
(a)Solid
(b)Inserted tooth type
(ii)Based on mounting:
(a)Arbor mounted
(b)Shank mounted
(c)Nose mounted
(iii)Based on rotation:
(a)Right hand rotation (counter clockwise)
(b)Left hand rotation (clockwise)
(iv)Based on helix:
(a)Right hand helix
(b)Left hand helix
Milling cutters are generally made of high speed steel or cemented carbides. The cemented carbide cutters can be of a brazed tip variety or with indexable tips. The indexable variety is more common since it is normally less expensive to replace the worn out cutting edges than to regrind them.
Plain milling cutters These are also called slab milling cutters and are basically cylindrical with the cutting teeth on the periphery as shown in Fig.7.7. These are generally used for machining flat surfaces.
Light duty slab milling cutters generally have a face width, which is small of the order of 25 mm. They generally have straight teeth and large number of teeth.
Heavy duty slab milling cutters come with a smaller number of teeth to allow for more chip space. This allows taking deeper cuts and consequently high material removal rates.
Helical milling cutters have a very small number of teeth but a large helix angle. This type of cutter cuts with a shearing action, which can produce a very fine finish. The large helix angle allows the cutter to absorb most of the end load and therefore the cutter enters and leaves the workpiece very smoothly.
Side and face milling cutters These have the cutting edges not only on the face like the slab milling cutters, but also on both the sides. As a result, these cutters become more versatile since they can be used for side milling as well as for slot milling.
Staggered tooth side milling cutters are a variation where the teeth are arranged in an alternate helix pattern. This type is generally used for milling deep slots, since the staggering of teeth provides for greater chip space.
Another variation of the side and face cutter is the half side milling cutter, which has cutting edges only on one side. This arrangement provides a positive rake angle and is useful for machining on only one side. These have a much smoother cutting action and a long tool life. The power consumed is also less for these cutters.
There是可利用相配具体行政上的铣刀大品种。 铣床的通用性由是可利用的铣刀的品种到大规模范围贡献。
7.3.1铣刀的类型
Milling切削刀被分类入根据各种各样的方法的各种各样的类型。 根据建筑(i)的 ：
(a)固体
(b)被插入的牙类型 根据架置(ii)的 ： 登上的 (a)树荫处 登上的 (b)小腿 登上的 (c)鼻子 根据自转(iii)的 ：
(a)右手自转(逆顺时针)
(b)左手自转(顺时针) 根据螺旋(iv)的 ：
(a)右手螺旋
(b)左手螺旋
Milling切削刀通常由高速钢或烧结碳化物制成。 烧结碳化物切削刀可以是被镀黄铜的技巧品种或与可变址的技巧。 因为通常较低花费替换被用完的先锋比重磨他们，可变址的品种是更加共同的。
Plain铣刀这些也称平板铣刀并且是基本上圆柱形的与在周围的切口牙如Fig.7.7所显示。 这些为用机器制造平面通常使用。
轻型平板铣刀通常有一个面孔宽度，是小的25 mm等级。 他们通常有平直的牙和牙的大数。 耐用平板铣刀来与牙的一个更小的数字考虑到更多芯片空间。 这准许采取更加深刻的裁减和因而高物质撤除率。
Helical铣刀有很小量的牙，但是一个大节面角。 此种切削刀用一次剪的行动切开，可能导致非常美好的结束。 大节面角允许切削刀吸收大多数末端装载并且切削刀进入并且非常顺利地留下制件。
Side和端铣切削刀这些有先锋不仅在象平板铣刀的面孔，而且在两边。 结果，这些切削刀变得更加多才多艺，因为他们可以为碾碎并且为槽孔碾碎的边使用。
Staggered牙旁边铣刀是牙在一个供选择螺旋样式被安排的变异。 因为摇摆牙提供更加巨大的芯片空间，这个类型为碾碎深槽孔通常使用。 边和面孔切削刀的Another变异是半旁边铣刀，有仅先锋在一边。 这个安排只提供一个正面前角并且为用机器制造是有用的在一边。 这些有一次更加光滑的切口行动和长的工具生活。 被消耗的力量也是较少这些切削刀的。本回答被提问者采纳
