Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.
The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.
But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.
That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.
The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.
Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering KS5U kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption（豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.
Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.
Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.
什么地方可以找到这篇文章的中文翻译？你们翻译的都太别扭了？
这些数字可能听起来不大，但它们是危险趋势的前沿。当疫苗接种率非常高的时候，因为它们仍然在整个国家，每个人都受到保护。这被称为“群体免疫”，它可以保护那些容易受伤的人，包括那些因医学原因不能接种疫苗的人，婴儿太年轻而不能接种疫苗，以及那些疫苗不起作用的人。
但是，只有当几乎所有的群体都加入进来时，群体免疫才起作用。当一些人拒绝接种疫苗并寻求搭便车时，免疫力就会下降，每个人都面临更大的危险。
这正是美国加州橘郡的小社区正在发生的事情。本月有22起麻疹病例报告在纽约州的布鲁克林区。去年，一名17岁的少年引发了一场疫情。
对疫苗的耐药性已经持续了几十年，它是由一个真实但非常小的风险驱动的。那些拒绝承担这种风险的人会让别人受苦。
把事情弄得更糟也是国家法律,使其容易退出，应该是需要的疫苗对所有儿童进入幼儿园结果。十七个州允许得到豁免的父母(豁免),有时仅仅通过亲自签署的一篇论文说他们反对疫苗。
现在，有几个州正在采取措施，通过增加新的规定来收紧法律。但是没有人能做足够的事情来限制豁免。
父母应该只有在有限的医疗或宗教原因的情况下才可以选择退出。但个人的意见?不够好。每个人都享受疫苗提供的拯救生命的好处，但只要每个人都有风险，他们就会存在。追问
从哪儿找到的，可靠吗
本回答被网友采纳