如题所述
第1个回答 2011-01-02
一.陈述句改否定句
1,句子中有联系动词be或情态动词can ,may ,must或助动词will, have, had等词的,应在其后加not.
*句中有some , already的,将其变为any, yet
如:There are some people in the garden.
---There are not(或aren’t) any people in the garden.
We have already learned English for three years.
---We have not (或haven’t) learned English for three years yet.
*already变否定用yet,同时一般放句后。
注意have是助动词,还是实义动词。如果是实义动词,要用助动词do的否定式。
例:She has supper at six in the evening.
---She does not have supper at six in the evening.
2,句子中的谓语动词为实义动词时,则在动词前加don’t(doesn’t, didn’t), 原来的动词恢复原形(分词除外)。这类句子经常考的谓语动词是have和do 。
应掌握以下技巧:
如:She does (did) her homework everyday(yesterday).
----She doesn’t( didn’t) do her homework everyday (yesterday).
注意:在上句中,原谓语动词(即,实意动词does)前加否定助动词doesn’t, 原谓语动词does 变为原形 do
She has (had) a meeting today (yesterday).
----She doesn’t (didn’t) have a meeting today (yesterday).
注意:这里的has或 had 要变为原形have
3,had better句型是考试的重点内容之一。它常与主语缩写,如you’d ,这种缩写只要看后面有没有better, 即为had, 切忌误认为would
had better句型意思为“最好-----, 还是----好”,常有告诫、劝告、催促之意,其后接不带to 的不定式,即动词原形。它的否定形式, 一定要把not放在better后面。
*had better +动词原形------(肯定式)
had better not +动词原形-----(否定式)
如:You’d better catch a bus.你最好赶得上车子(赶快啊!)
You’d better not take these seats.你还是不要做这些位置(座位)
此句型的反义疑问句是:You’d better do it now, hadn’t you?
二.祈使句改否定句
在前面直接加Don’t,而不要管祈使句是以什么动词开始。
如:Look out of the window.
----Don’t look out of the window.
考试中常出现以do, have, be开头的祈使句变为否定句。改写这样的句子,应在do (或have和 be) 前加助动词don’t, 切忌在do (have, be) 后面直接加not
如:Do it after class.
---Don’t do it after class.
三.复合句改否定句
1,复合句改否定句应掌握think、believe和 feel这三个主句谓语动词后接宾语从句时整个句子的否定形式。这类句子改为否定句时,要对上述主句谓语动词进行否定,但否定意思转移到后面的宾语从句。
如:I think he will go there tomorrow.
--- I don’t think he will go there tomorrow.
汉语的意思是“我想他明天不会去那里”,千万不要译“我不想他明天去那里”。更不要把英语句子改成 I think he won’t(*严重错误) go there tomorrow.大错特错。
2,含有both词语的句子改否定句
陈述句含有both+名词或者both of +名词或代词宾格作主语时,改写否定句要用neither 替代both,注意把谓语动词复数形式改写为单数形式。
如:Both of them learn English in that school.
------ Neither of them learns English in that school.
句中含有 both A and B改否定句时,要将其改为 neither A nor B, 其谓语动词根据nor后面的名词的数做相应变化。
both A and B——变否定—— neither A nor B
如:Both Mary and Jim are students.
----- Neither Mary nor Jim is a student.
四.陈述句改写成一般疑问句
除遵循be、 will、 情态动词(can、 may、 must)提前以及实义动词前加do (does, did) 以外,还要注意以下技巧:
1.陈述句有some, something的,应改为any, anything 。
*但是,some与其它词构成的固定搭配不要变化,如:do some shopping/ cooking/ listening/ washing/ reading等。
例:There is some oil on the plate.
----- Is there any oil on the plate?
Alice does some reading every night.
---- Does Alice do some reading every night?
2,陈述句主语为第三人称单数 时,且谓语动词是has 或had(不表示“有”的含义,而属其它含义时),或者谓语动词是does或did (表示“做,干”的含义),则句前需要加助动词does (did) 构成一般疑问句,并且实义动词应变为原形 have、do 或者其他动词原形 。
如:He usually has lunch at 11:30.
----- Does he usually have lunch at 11:30 ?
Mary sang a beautiful song in the last party.
---- Did Mary sing the beautiful song in the last party?
五.改写成特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问句由“疑问句 + 一般疑问句”构成,改写这种句子应把握两个关键,一是选准疑问词;二是将疑问词后的句子变成一般疑问句。注意以下技巧:
1. 对于时间划线用
what time ——(具体时间,如at 9:00)
how long ——(一段时间,如since 2000, for two days)
how often——( 频率时间,如once a year)
how soon——( 将来时间,如in a month)。
如:We have lived here since 1986.
-----How long have you lived here?
2, 对于职业划线用what.
如:Henry is an English teacher.
-----What is Henry?
3, 对距离划线用how far,对长度划线用how long,注意二者不能互换。
如:He travelled nearly ten thousand kilometers.
----How far did he travel ?
The Yellow River is 5464 kilometres long.
-----How long is the Yellow River?
4, 对数量划线用how many (后面跟可数名词复数),how much(后面可跟不可数名词,也可单独作句子成份)
如:There are four persons in our office.
----How many persons are there in your office?
This book is six dollars.
-----How much is this book?
5, 对其它部分划线的见以下的例子:
对日期提问:It’s December 31 today.
----What’s the date today?
对颜色提问:The tree is green.
----What colour is the tree?
对年龄提问:My nephew is about four.
----How old is your nephew?
对姓名提问:My name is Helen.
----What’s your name?
对事物、事情提问:
They are going to visit the Great wall next week.
----What are they going to do next week?
对班级提问:We’re in Class One, Grade Three.
----What class(grade) are you in?
——或Which class(或grade) are you in ?
对重量提问:I want a kilo of meat.
----How much meat do you want?
对地点提问:He works in a school.
----Where does he work?
对星期提问:It’s Wednesday today.
----What day is it today?
对方式提问:I usually come to school on foot.
----How do you usually come to school?
对原因提问:My face turned red because I told my teacher a lie.
---Why did your face turn red?
六.改写成反意疑问句。
反意疑问句由“陈述句 + 简略问句”构成,当陈述句为肯定句时,简略问句为否定形式,反之亦然。
关键抓住三点:
1)是简略问句的动词应与陈述句的动词相对应,并采用一般疑问句的助动词或情态动词的形式
2)是简略问句的主语一般用代词,不再重复陈述句的名词
3)是陈述句中如存在某些具有否定意义的词( hardly, few、little、seldom…等),简略问句应为肯定形式。这是改写反意疑问句的一般技巧。另外除需熟悉一般情况外,更应掌握特殊情况。
特殊情况 :
简单句的附加简略问句
1)陈述句部分为there be结构,附加的简略问句为be (not) there?
例:There are not any people living here , is there?
绝不能因为any people为主语而用are they等。
2)陈述句为I am ,附加的简略问句为aren’t I .
例:I’ m taller than you, aren’t I.
不能用am not I .这是特殊用法。
3)陈述句主语为everybody , everyone , somebody ,someone , nobody , no one , none等时,附加简略问句的主语用be和they
例:Nobody was looking for me, were they .
如果陈述句中有nobody, no one, none时,附加简略问句要用肯定形式。
4)陈述中的主语为everything ,something ,anything ,nothing时,附加的简略问句主语用be和it .
例:Everything is ready for the party, isn’t it?
七.改写成感叹句
1陈述句改感叹句
感叹句的基本句型结构有两种,即:
How + 形容词或副词 + (主语 + 谓语) !
What + a(或an) + 形容词 + 单、复数名词 + (主语 + 谓语) !
*注:a(或an) + 形容词,这部分可省。
感叹句中的主语和谓语可省略,但不可以颠倒顺序。
关键就在于看句中词性之间的关系。
总的原则是:what(后接名词)
how(后接形容词或副词)
改写感叹句时首先对被改写的陈述句进行分析
若是副词修饰谓语动词(则用how 改写)。
如:He works hard .(副词hard修饰谓语动词works,故用how改写)
----How hard he works!
若句中有形容词,要看形容词是作表语(就用how改写),还是作定语修饰名词(就用what改写)。
如:The Chinese tea tastes nice .(nice是表语,故该用how改写)
-----How nice the Chinese tea tastes!
Jenny is a beautiful girl . (名词短语a beautiful girl,故用what改写)
——What a beautiful girl Jenny is .
记住,选用what a (an) 时后接的名词应为可数名词单数,若后接不可数名词只能用what改写。还要观察形容词是否修饰名词,也可以观察名词后有无谓语,如果没有谓语,则应选用what或what a (an), 如果有谓语则选用how
1,句子中有联系动词be或情态动词can ,may ,must或助动词will, have, had等词的,应在其后加not.
*句中有some , already的,将其变为any, yet
如:There are some people in the garden.
---There are not(或aren’t) any people in the garden.
We have already learned English for three years.
---We have not (或haven’t) learned English for three years yet.
*already变否定用yet,同时一般放句后。
注意have是助动词,还是实义动词。如果是实义动词,要用助动词do的否定式。
例:She has supper at six in the evening.
---She does not have supper at six in the evening.
2,句子中的谓语动词为实义动词时,则在动词前加don’t(doesn’t, didn’t), 原来的动词恢复原形(分词除外)。这类句子经常考的谓语动词是have和do 。
应掌握以下技巧:
如:She does (did) her homework everyday(yesterday).
----She doesn’t( didn’t) do her homework everyday (yesterday).
注意:在上句中,原谓语动词(即,实意动词does)前加否定助动词doesn’t, 原谓语动词does 变为原形 do
She has (had) a meeting today (yesterday).
----She doesn’t (didn’t) have a meeting today (yesterday).
注意:这里的has或 had 要变为原形have
3,had better句型是考试的重点内容之一。它常与主语缩写,如you’d ,这种缩写只要看后面有没有better, 即为had, 切忌误认为would
had better句型意思为“最好-----, 还是----好”,常有告诫、劝告、催促之意,其后接不带to 的不定式,即动词原形。它的否定形式, 一定要把not放在better后面。
*had better +动词原形------(肯定式)
had better not +动词原形-----(否定式)
如:You’d better catch a bus.你最好赶得上车子(赶快啊!)
You’d better not take these seats.你还是不要做这些位置(座位)
此句型的反义疑问句是:You’d better do it now, hadn’t you?
二.祈使句改否定句
在前面直接加Don’t,而不要管祈使句是以什么动词开始。
如:Look out of the window.
----Don’t look out of the window.
考试中常出现以do, have, be开头的祈使句变为否定句。改写这样的句子,应在do (或have和 be) 前加助动词don’t, 切忌在do (have, be) 后面直接加not
如:Do it after class.
---Don’t do it after class.
三.复合句改否定句
1,复合句改否定句应掌握think、believe和 feel这三个主句谓语动词后接宾语从句时整个句子的否定形式。这类句子改为否定句时,要对上述主句谓语动词进行否定,但否定意思转移到后面的宾语从句。
如:I think he will go there tomorrow.
--- I don’t think he will go there tomorrow.
汉语的意思是“我想他明天不会去那里”,千万不要译“我不想他明天去那里”。更不要把英语句子改成 I think he won’t(*严重错误) go there tomorrow.大错特错。
2,含有both词语的句子改否定句
陈述句含有both+名词或者both of +名词或代词宾格作主语时,改写否定句要用neither 替代both,注意把谓语动词复数形式改写为单数形式。
如:Both of them learn English in that school.
------ Neither of them learns English in that school.
句中含有 both A and B改否定句时,要将其改为 neither A nor B, 其谓语动词根据nor后面的名词的数做相应变化。
both A and B——变否定—— neither A nor B
如:Both Mary and Jim are students.
----- Neither Mary nor Jim is a student.
四.陈述句改写成一般疑问句
除遵循be、 will、 情态动词(can、 may、 must)提前以及实义动词前加do (does, did) 以外,还要注意以下技巧:
1.陈述句有some, something的,应改为any, anything 。
*但是,some与其它词构成的固定搭配不要变化,如:do some shopping/ cooking/ listening/ washing/ reading等。
例:There is some oil on the plate.
----- Is there any oil on the plate?
Alice does some reading every night.
---- Does Alice do some reading every night?
2,陈述句主语为第三人称单数 时,且谓语动词是has 或had(不表示“有”的含义,而属其它含义时),或者谓语动词是does或did (表示“做,干”的含义),则句前需要加助动词does (did) 构成一般疑问句,并且实义动词应变为原形 have、do 或者其他动词原形 。
如:He usually has lunch at 11:30.
----- Does he usually have lunch at 11:30 ?
Mary sang a beautiful song in the last party.
---- Did Mary sing the beautiful song in the last party?
五.改写成特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问句由“疑问句 + 一般疑问句”构成,改写这种句子应把握两个关键,一是选准疑问词;二是将疑问词后的句子变成一般疑问句。注意以下技巧:
1. 对于时间划线用
what time ——(具体时间,如at 9:00)
how long ——(一段时间,如since 2000, for two days)
how often——( 频率时间,如once a year)
how soon——( 将来时间,如in a month)。
如:We have lived here since 1986.
-----How long have you lived here?
2, 对于职业划线用what.
如:Henry is an English teacher.
-----What is Henry?
3, 对距离划线用how far,对长度划线用how long,注意二者不能互换。
如:He travelled nearly ten thousand kilometers.
----How far did he travel ?
The Yellow River is 5464 kilometres long.
-----How long is the Yellow River?
4, 对数量划线用how many (后面跟可数名词复数),how much(后面可跟不可数名词,也可单独作句子成份)
如:There are four persons in our office.
----How many persons are there in your office?
This book is six dollars.
-----How much is this book?
5, 对其它部分划线的见以下的例子:
对日期提问:It’s December 31 today.
----What’s the date today?
对颜色提问:The tree is green.
----What colour is the tree?
对年龄提问:My nephew is about four.
----How old is your nephew?
对姓名提问:My name is Helen.
----What’s your name?
对事物、事情提问:
They are going to visit the Great wall next week.
----What are they going to do next week?
对班级提问:We’re in Class One, Grade Three.
----What class(grade) are you in?
——或Which class(或grade) are you in ?
对重量提问:I want a kilo of meat.
----How much meat do you want?
对地点提问:He works in a school.
----Where does he work?
对星期提问:It’s Wednesday today.
----What day is it today?
对方式提问:I usually come to school on foot.
----How do you usually come to school?
对原因提问:My face turned red because I told my teacher a lie.
---Why did your face turn red?
六.改写成反意疑问句。
反意疑问句由“陈述句 + 简略问句”构成,当陈述句为肯定句时,简略问句为否定形式,反之亦然。
关键抓住三点:
1)是简略问句的动词应与陈述句的动词相对应,并采用一般疑问句的助动词或情态动词的形式
2)是简略问句的主语一般用代词,不再重复陈述句的名词
3)是陈述句中如存在某些具有否定意义的词( hardly, few、little、seldom…等),简略问句应为肯定形式。这是改写反意疑问句的一般技巧。另外除需熟悉一般情况外,更应掌握特殊情况。
特殊情况 :
简单句的附加简略问句
1)陈述句部分为there be结构,附加的简略问句为be (not) there?
例:There are not any people living here , is there?
绝不能因为any people为主语而用are they等。
2)陈述句为I am ,附加的简略问句为aren’t I .
例:I’ m taller than you, aren’t I.
不能用am not I .这是特殊用法。
3)陈述句主语为everybody , everyone , somebody ,someone , nobody , no one , none等时,附加简略问句的主语用be和they
例:Nobody was looking for me, were they .
如果陈述句中有nobody, no one, none时,附加简略问句要用肯定形式。
4)陈述中的主语为everything ,something ,anything ,nothing时,附加的简略问句主语用be和it .
例:Everything is ready for the party, isn’t it?
七.改写成感叹句
1陈述句改感叹句
感叹句的基本句型结构有两种,即:
How + 形容词或副词 + (主语 + 谓语) !
What + a(或an) + 形容词 + 单、复数名词 + (主语 + 谓语) !
*注:a(或an) + 形容词,这部分可省。
感叹句中的主语和谓语可省略,但不可以颠倒顺序。
关键就在于看句中词性之间的关系。
总的原则是:what(后接名词)
how(后接形容词或副词)
改写感叹句时首先对被改写的陈述句进行分析
若是副词修饰谓语动词(则用how 改写)。
如:He works hard .(副词hard修饰谓语动词works,故用how改写)
----How hard he works!
若句中有形容词,要看形容词是作表语(就用how改写),还是作定语修饰名词(就用what改写)。
如:The Chinese tea tastes nice .(nice是表语,故该用how改写)
-----How nice the Chinese tea tastes!
Jenny is a beautiful girl . (名词短语a beautiful girl,故用what改写)
——What a beautiful girl Jenny is .
记住,选用what a (an) 时后接的名词应为可数名词单数,若后接不可数名词只能用what改写。还要观察形容词是否修饰名词,也可以观察名词后有无谓语,如果没有谓语,则应选用what或what a (an), 如果有谓语则选用how