英语音标的读音与字母组合

英语发音规则
一,元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读
音
例
词
a
在开音节中
[ei]
name
plane
Jane
baby
cake
在闭音节中
[
]
bag
dad
hat
map
black
back
e
在开音节中
[i:]
he
these
me
Chinese
在闭音节中
[e]
bed
let
pen
desk
yes
egg
i
在开音节中
[ai]
bike
fly
drive
time
nice
kite
在闭音节中
[i]
fish
big
drink
sit
milk
swim
o
在开音节中
[Eu]
those
close
go
hoe
home
no
在闭音节中
[C]
clock
not
box
shop
sock
u
在开音节中
[ju:]
student
excuse
duty
Tuesday
在闭音节中
[Q]
bus
cup
jump
much
lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j
l
r
s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June
blue
ruler
super
二,元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母
读
音
例
词
a
[E]
China
another
woman
breakfast
[i]
orange
comrade
village
cabbage
e
[E]
hundred
student
open
weekend
[i]
chicken
pocket
begin
children
i
[E]/[i]
holiday
beautiful
family
animal
[ai]
exercise
satellite
o
[E]
second
tonight
somebody
welcome
[Eu]
also
zero
photo
u
[E]
autumn
diffcult
[ju:]
popular
congratulation
January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate
u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j
l
r
s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July
influence
February
issue
三,元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读
音
例
词
a在[w]音后面
[C]
want
what
watch
wash
quality
a在f
n
sk
ph
sp
ss
st
th前
[a:]
after
plant
graph
ask
grasp
glass
fast
father
i在-nd
-ld和gh前
[ai]
find
child
light
high
o在-st
-ld前
[Eu]
most
postcard
old
cold
o在m
n
v
th前
[Q]
come
monkey
love
mother
四,-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读
音
例
词
ar
ar在[w]音后面
[a:]
car
farm
dark
sharpener
[C:]
warm
quarter
towards
or
or在[w]音后面
[C:]
forty
morning
short
[E:]
word
worker
worse
er
ir
ur
[E:]
certainly
bird
Thursday
辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如:
carry
sorry
hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar
teacher
martyr
forget
Saturday
五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读
音
例
词
are
[a:E]
care
dare
hare
ere
[iE]
here
mere
ire
[aiE]
fire
hire
wire
ore
[C:]
more
score
before
ure
[ju:E]
pure
cure
are
ere
ire
ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如:picture
pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.
例如:parent
zero
story
during
inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.
例如:orange
very
American
paragraph
六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组
读
音
例
词
ai/ay
[ei]
afraid
rain
wait
day
play
air
[aiE]
air
hair
chair
pair
repair
al在f
m前
[C]
small
ball
talk
wall
all
[C:l]
always
also
salt
almost
bald
[a:]
half
calm
au/aw
[C:]
autumn
daughter
draw
ea
[i:]
teach
easy
cheap
please
[e]
heavy
bread
sweater
weather
[ei]
break
great
ear
[iE]
hear
dear
near
clear
year
[εE]
bear
pear
wear
[E:]
earth
learn
early
ee
[i:]
jeep
week
green
three
eer
[iE]
pioneer
deer
beer
ei/ey
[ei]
eight
neighbour
they
[i:]
either
key
eu/ew在
j
l
r
s后
[ju:]
new
few
newspaper
[u:]
flew
brew
ie/ei[s]音之后
[i:]
piece
field
receive
oa
[Eu]
coat
Joan
boat
goal
oar/oor
[C:]
roar
board
door
floor
oi/oy
[Ci]
noise
point
boy
toilet
oo
[u:]
broom
food
tooth
school
[u]
book
look
cook
foot
good
ou/ow
[au]
flower
house
count
down
[Eu]
know
row
throw
though
[Q]
young
country
enough
[u:]
group
you
soup
our
[C:]
course
your
four
[auE]
our
hour
ours
[C:]
journey
ui
在j
l
r
s后
[ju:i]
fluid
suicide
tuition
[u:]
juice
fruit
suit
七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群
读
音
例
词
ai/ay
ei/ey
[i]
Sunday
foreign
monkey
ow
[Eu]
yellow
sparrow
tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i].
例如:neighbour
serious
famous
biscuit
coffee
-sion
-tion
[Fn]
impression
nation
-sion在元音字母后
[Vn]
vision
decision
occasion
-tion在s后
[tFE
n]
question
suggestion
-sten
[sn]
listen
-stle
[sl]
whistle
-sure
[VE]
pleasure
measure
-ture
[tFE]
picture
culture
八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.