Safety-first ratio与Shortfall risk怎么解释

如题所述

第1个回答  2016-08-17

高顿CFA为你解答:

   

  Safety-firstratio(安全第一比率):


  thedistancefromthemeanreturntotheshortfalllevelinunitsofstandarddeviation。平均收益与最低可接受的临界收益的距离有多少个标准差。这个比率越大越好,表明单位风险上的收益较高。


  注:Safety-firstratio与sharperatio比较相似,中是无风险收益率,而SFRatio中是最低可接受的临界收益。


  Shortfallrisk(亏空风险):


  theriskthatportfoliovalueorreturnwillfallbelowtheminimumacceptablelevel(RL,shortfalllevel,thresholdlevel)oversometimehorizon.


  亏空风险是指在整个投资期限内,组合的收益低于最小可接受的回报范围。

  Safety-firstratio与Shortfallrisk的关系:


  Minimizingshortfallrisk=Maximizingsafety-firstratio


  最小的亏空风险等于最大的安全第一比率


  例:Attheendofthecurrentyear,aninvestorwantstomakeadonationof$20,000touniversitybutdoesnotwanttheyear-endmarketvalueofherportfoliotofallbelow$500,000.Iftheshortfalllevelisequaltotherisk-freerateofreturnandreturnsfromallportfoliosconsideredarenormallydistributed,willbeportfoliothatminimizestheprobabilityoffailingtoachievetheinvestor'sobjectivemostlikelyhavethe:


  highestsafety-firstratio?highestSharperatio?


  A.NoYes


  B.NoNo


  C.YesYes


  答案:选C


  解析:Theportfoliowiththehighestsafety-firstratiominimizestheprobabilitythattheportfolioreturnwillbelessthantheshortfalllevel(givennormality).Inthisproblem,theshortfalllevelisequaltotherisk-freerateofreturnandthusthehighestsafety-firstratioportfoliowillbethesameasthehighestSharperatioportfolio.安全第一比率越大,投资落入达不到临界回报水平区间的概率越小,同时,如果临界水平的收益率等于无风险利率时,则夏普比率与安全第一比率计算的结果是一样的。

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