如题所述
第1个回答 2013-12-05
不定式属于非谓语动词，它在句子中几乎可以做任何成分，就是不能做谓语。
具体的讲，可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语。
1. 动词不定式作主语：
To mast a language is not an easy thing.
To teach English is my favorite.
It's my pleasure to help you.
动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用 it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。
It's very kind of you to have given us much help.
你给了我们那么多的帮助真是太好了。
It's necessary to find the witness. 有必要找到目击者。
2. 动词不定式作宾语：
某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish,like, forget, learn, ask.
What I wish is to learn English well.
I like to help others if I can.
3. 动词不定式作宾语补语 。
We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起。
Please ask him to come here quickly.请叫他快过来。
4. 动词不定式作表语 ：
What I should do is to finish the task soon. 我应该做的是赶快完成任务。
The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately. 当务之急是马上去找孩子。
5. 动词不定式作定语：
There are many ways to solve the problem. 有许多方法能解决这个问题。
I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。
6. 不定式作状语：
We went to the hospital to see our teacher. 我们去医院看了我们的老师。
She is making a test to get a kind ofuseful medicine from a Tibetflower.
她在做试验，从一种西藏花中提取某种有用的药物。
动词不定式的否定形式：
not + to + 动词原形
The teacher told usnot to swim in that river.
老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。
It's unfair not to tell us. 没告诉我们真是不公平。
带疑问词的不定式：
疑问词who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，构成不定式短语，使含义更加具体。
Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方还不知道。
I don't know when to begin. 我不知道什么时间开始。
Can you tell me where to get the battery.
你能告诉我哪儿能买到电池吗？
Do you know how to get to the station. 你知道怎样去车站吗？
带逻辑主语的不定式：
动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是： for + 逻辑主语+ 不定式。
注意：逻辑主语用宾格形式， for 本身无实际意义，它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。
It's necessary for us to help eachother. 我们互相帮忙是必要的。
There are much work for me to finish, 有许多工作要我去完成。
动词不定式的被动形式： 表示不定式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系 。
He is the man to be examined. 他是受检查的人。
There are much work to be done. 有好多工作要做。
具体的讲，可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语。
1. 动词不定式作主语：
To mast a language is not an easy thing.
To teach English is my favorite.
It's my pleasure to help you.
动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用 it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。
It's very kind of you to have given us much help.
你给了我们那么多的帮助真是太好了。
It's necessary to find the witness. 有必要找到目击者。
2. 动词不定式作宾语：
某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish,like, forget, learn, ask.
What I wish is to learn English well.
I like to help others if I can.
3. 动词不定式作宾语补语 。
We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起。
Please ask him to come here quickly.请叫他快过来。
4. 动词不定式作表语 ：
What I should do is to finish the task soon. 我应该做的是赶快完成任务。
The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately. 当务之急是马上去找孩子。
5. 动词不定式作定语：
There are many ways to solve the problem. 有许多方法能解决这个问题。
I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。
6. 不定式作状语：
We went to the hospital to see our teacher. 我们去医院看了我们的老师。
She is making a test to get a kind ofuseful medicine from a Tibetflower.
她在做试验，从一种西藏花中提取某种有用的药物。
动词不定式的否定形式：
not + to + 动词原形
The teacher told usnot to swim in that river.
老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。
It's unfair not to tell us. 没告诉我们真是不公平。
带疑问词的不定式：
疑问词who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，构成不定式短语，使含义更加具体。
Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方还不知道。
I don't know when to begin. 我不知道什么时间开始。
Can you tell me where to get the battery.
你能告诉我哪儿能买到电池吗？
Do you know how to get to the station. 你知道怎样去车站吗？
带逻辑主语的不定式：
动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是： for + 逻辑主语+ 不定式。
注意：逻辑主语用宾格形式， for 本身无实际意义，它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。
It's necessary for us to help eachother. 我们互相帮忙是必要的。
There are much work for me to finish, 有许多工作要我去完成。
动词不定式的被动形式： 表示不定式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系 。
He is the man to be examined. 他是受检查的人。
There are much work to be done. 有好多工作要做。
