I heard one tell the other that not only was the school established for the members of my race, but that opportunities were provided by which poor but worthy students could work out all or a part of the cost of board, and at the same time be taught some trade or industry.
第一层的结构是： 主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语（记作：SVOC），图示如下：
I heard one tell the other that not only was the school ... or industry.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
S V O C
第二层的结构是： 在宾语补足语中，tell 前省略to，这个to tell 是中心词，说明前面
one 的动作，所以叫做“宾补”。tell 后面是双宾语（直接宾语+
间接宾语），图示如下：
tell the other that not only was the school ... or industry.
----------------------------------------------------
动词不定式 间接宾语 直接宾语
第三层的结构是：在直接宾语中，有两个宾语从句：
第一个宾语从句是：was the school established for the members of my race，
由 that 引导。
第二个宾语从句是：opportunities were provided by which ... or industry.
也是由 that 引导。
这两个宾语从句由 not only ... but also 连接，只是also被省略了。
第四层的结构是：在第一个宾语从句中，由于使用了not only ，所以句子倒装，
正常语序应该是：
the school was established for the members of my race
成分分析如下：
the school was established for the members of my race
主语 谓语动词 状语
第四层的另一结构是：在第二个宾语从句中，其结构是：SV，图示如下：
opportunities were provided
主语 谓语动词
第五层的结构是：by which poor but worthy students could work out all or a part
of the cost of board, and at the same time be taught some trade
or industry，这是一个定语从句，修饰限定前面的opportunities，
只不过与先行词隔开了，注意识别。引导词是：which，代替先行词
opportunities，by which = by opportunities
在这个定语从句中，and 连接了两个谓语动词，其结构是：
poor but worthy students could work out all or a part of the cost of board
主语 谓语动词（1） 宾语
and at the same time be taught some trade or industry
状语 谓语动词（2） 主语补足语
全句译文：我听见一个人告诉另个人说，不仅为我的族人设立了学校，而且还提供
了两个机会，一是穷但是优秀的学生可以解决全部或者部分学费的机会，
二是同时还可以学习贸易和工业的机会。
好了，不知道这个答案能不能令提问者满意，如果满意，请采纳，如果不满意，
我们再探讨。
I heard one tell the other that not only was the school ... or industry.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
S V O C
第二层的结构是： 在宾语补足语中，tell 前省略to，这个to tell 是中心词，说明前面
one 的动作，所以叫做“宾补”。tell 后面是双宾语（直接宾语+
间接宾语），图示如下：
tell the other that not only was the school ... or industry.
----------------------------------------------------
动词不定式 间接宾语 直接宾语
第三层的结构是：在直接宾语中，有两个宾语从句：
第一个宾语从句是：was the school established for the members of my race，
由 that 引导。
第二个宾语从句是：opportunities were provided by which ... or industry.
也是由 that 引导。
这两个宾语从句由 not only ... but also 连接，只是also被省略了。
第四层的结构是：在第一个宾语从句中，由于使用了not only ，所以句子倒装，
正常语序应该是：
the school was established for the members of my race
成分分析如下：
the school was established for the members of my race
主语 谓语动词 状语
第四层的另一结构是：在第二个宾语从句中，其结构是：SV，图示如下：
opportunities were provided
主语 谓语动词
第五层的结构是：by which poor but worthy students could work out all or a part
of the cost of board, and at the same time be taught some trade
or industry，这是一个定语从句，修饰限定前面的opportunities，
只不过与先行词隔开了，注意识别。引导词是：which，代替先行词
opportunities，by which = by opportunities
在这个定语从句中，and 连接了两个谓语动词，其结构是：
poor but worthy students could work out all or a part of the cost of board
主语 谓语动词（1） 宾语
and at the same time be taught some trade or industry
状语 谓语动词（2） 主语补足语
全句译文：我听见一个人告诉另个人说，不仅为我的族人设立了学校，而且还提供
了两个机会，一是穷但是优秀的学生可以解决全部或者部分学费的机会，
二是同时还可以学习贸易和工业的机会。
好了，不知道这个答案能不能令提问者满意，如果满意，请采纳，如果不满意，
我们再探讨。
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第1个回答 2012-04-23
句子的主干是I hears one tell 。。。，然后tell the other that 引导的宾语从句，从句中出现not only 。。。but also 结构，not only was the school established for members of my race 是简单句，很好理解；后面but that opportunities were provided by which poor but worthy students could work out all or a part of 。。。。by which 引导非限定性定语从句，poor but worthy 修饰限定students ， and at the same time be taught some trade or industry与could work out all or a part of the cost of board是并列结构。
