祭鄂博仪式是裕固族牧民社会生活中最为重要的宗教仪式，是裕固族古老文化的缩影，它不仅有着极其丰富的文化内涵，也是裕固族人日常生活中极为重要的组成部分。裕固族的祭鄂博仪式如同其他民族的民间仪式一样，在裕固族社会变迁的进程中，经历着“延续——断裂——复兴——变迁”的嬗变历程。
本文沿用仪式与社会变迁的视角，将祭鄂博仪式置于裕固族社会变迁的背景中来考察仪式的功能与变迁，从仪式与社会结构的理论视角来探析仪式的社会建构功能，从祭鄂博仪式的变迁中分析其功能的转换以及仪式在当地社会建构中的重要作用。首先，阐述祭鄂博仪式自20世纪80年代以来所发生的嬗变，并从仪式的变迁中考察其功能的变化；其次，对仪式变迁后社会建构这一仪式的社会功能进行分析，并尝试对仪式的变迁与社会建构之间的关系进行探析。
基于以上设想，本文首先讨论了仪式自复兴以后所经历的变迁，以及其功能发生的变迁，祭鄂博仪式复兴后的变迁主要表现在以六下个方面：鄂博建制的变迁；仪式主持人的变迁；仪式参与人的变迁；仪式中语言、服饰的变迁从民间信仰到民族文化；从宗教活动到民族节日。而仪式功能的变迁主要表现为三个方面：从文化资本到经济资本；由神圣性向娱乐性转变；向整合民族关系的转变。研究结果表明，社会变迁是祭鄂博仪式变迁的前提，仪式变迁是裕固族民众对社会变迁的回应，而仪式文化在现代力量冲击下的变迁与民众的自主性适应和选择决定了仪式变迁的方向。其次对祭鄂博仪式变迁后社会建构这一社会功能作了进一步讨论，认为仪式的社会建构功能有建构、强化和维持族群认同、社会关系、社会结构的作用，但是随其仪式发生的变迁，仪式的社会建构功能也呈现出了弱化的趋势。
This
paper used ceremony and the perspective of social change, puts the
bayan obo ritual yugur inspects the function of the ceremony in the
background of social transition and change, from the ritual and social
structure theory Angle of view to analyze the function of social
construction of ceremony from the analysis of its function in the
changes of the bayan obo ritual transformation and the important role of
ritual in the local social construction. First of all, the paper
expounds the bayan obo ritual of the changes since the 1980 s, and study
its function from the changes of the ceremony of change; Second, about
the ritual ceremony after change social construction of the social
function is analyzed, and try to the changes of the ceremony to analysis
the relationship between social construction.
Based
on the above ideas, this paper first discusses the ceremony since
Renaissance of change, and change its function, mainly displays in the
bayan obo ritual in Renaissance after the change in six aspects: the
changes of the bayan obo organizational system; The changes of the
ceremonies; The changes of the ritual participants; The changes of the
ceremony in language, dress from folk religion to national culture; To
the national holiday from religious activities. And the changes of the
ritual function mainly for three aspects: from the cultural capital to
the economic capital; From the divine to entertaining; The shift towards
integration of ethnic relations. The research results show that social
change is the precondition of bayan obo ritual in change, ceremony
vicissitude is yugur people response to social change, and ritual
culture in the modern power under the impact of changes and the autonomy
of people adapt and change the direction of the choice determines the
ceremony. Second after the change of bayan obo ritual in the social
function in social construction has made a further discussion to think
the ritual function of the social construction of construction,
strengthen and maintain ethnic identity, the role of social relations,
social structure, but with the ceremony of change, social construction
of ritual function also revealed a weakening trend.
paper used ceremony and the perspective of social change, puts the
bayan obo ritual yugur inspects the function of the ceremony in the
background of social transition and change, from the ritual and social
structure theory Angle of view to analyze the function of social
construction of ceremony from the analysis of its function in the
changes of the bayan obo ritual transformation and the important role of
ritual in the local social construction. First of all, the paper
expounds the bayan obo ritual of the changes since the 1980 s, and study
its function from the changes of the ceremony of change; Second, about
the ritual ceremony after change social construction of the social
function is analyzed, and try to the changes of the ceremony to analysis
the relationship between social construction.
Based
on the above ideas, this paper first discusses the ceremony since
Renaissance of change, and change its function, mainly displays in the
bayan obo ritual in Renaissance after the change in six aspects: the
changes of the bayan obo organizational system; The changes of the
ceremonies; The changes of the ritual participants; The changes of the
ceremony in language, dress from folk religion to national culture; To
the national holiday from religious activities. And the changes of the
ritual function mainly for three aspects: from the cultural capital to
the economic capital; From the divine to entertaining; The shift towards
integration of ethnic relations. The research results show that social
change is the precondition of bayan obo ritual in change, ceremony
vicissitude is yugur people response to social change, and ritual
culture in the modern power under the impact of changes and the autonomy
of people adapt and change the direction of the choice determines the
ceremony. Second after the change of bayan obo ritual in the social
function in social construction has made a further discussion to think
the ritual function of the social construction of construction,
strengthen and maintain ethnic identity, the role of social relations,
social structure, but with the ceremony of change, social construction
of ritual function also revealed a weakening trend.
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第1个回答 2014-05-05
Bayan obo ritual is yugur pastoralists in the social life of the most important
religious ceremony, is a microcosm of the yugur ancient culture, it not only has
a very rich cultural connotation, and yugu people daily life is extremely
important component. Bayan obo ritual of yugur like other ethnic folk rituals,
in the process of yugur social change, experiencing the "continued - fracture -
Renaissance - change" the change of course. This paper used ceremony and the
perspective of social change, puts the bayan obo ritual yugur inspects the
function of the ceremony in the background of social transition and change, from
the ritual and social structure theory Angle of view to analyze the function of
social construction of ceremony from the analysis of its function in the changes
of the bayan obo ritual transformation and the important role of ritual in the
local social construction. First of all, the paper expounds the bayan obo ritual
of the changes since the 1980 s, and study its function from the changes of the
ceremony of change; Secondly, after the change of ceremony social construction
religious ceremony, is a microcosm of the yugur ancient culture, it not only has
a very rich cultural connotation, and yugu people daily life is extremely
important component. Bayan obo ritual of yugur like other ethnic folk rituals,
in the process of yugur social change, experiencing the "continued - fracture -
Renaissance - change" the change of course. This paper used ceremony and the
perspective of social change, puts the bayan obo ritual yugur inspects the
function of the ceremony in the background of social transition and change, from
the ritual and social structure theory Angle of view to analyze the function of
social construction of ceremony from the analysis of its function in the changes
of the bayan obo ritual transformation and the important role of ritual in the
local social construction. First of all, the paper expounds the bayan obo ritual
of the changes since the 1980 s, and study its function from the changes of the
ceremony of change; Secondly, after the change of ceremony social construction
