如题所述
1、最常见的不可数名词有:advice, baggage, change(零钱), furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic
2、其它不可数名词还有:absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, work(工作)
【集合名词】
有些集合名词,ommittee,council,crew,crowd,family,gang,government,group,mob,staff,team, union等,在意义上是复数,但在语法形式上是单数,这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则。例如:
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.
A council of elders governs the tribe.
The present government is trying to control inflation.
The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.
(一)通常作复数的集体名词
包括police,people, cattle, militia, vermin等,这些集体名词通常用作复数。
例如:
The British police have only very limited powers.
The militia were called out to guard the borderland.
It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.
(二)通常作不可数名词的集体名词
通常作不可数名词的集体名词,包括poultry,foliage,machinery, equipment,furniture,
merchandise等,这类名词后的动词用单数形式。
例如:
Poultry is expensive at this time of year.
That green foliage was restful.
The merchandise has arrived undamaged.
All the machinery in the factory is made in China.
The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.
The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.
(三)可作单数也可作复数的集体名词
可作单数也可作复数的集体名词,包括audience, committee, crew, family, government,jury等。
例如:
The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.
The jury is/are about to announce the winners.
The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.
【不规则名词】
名词复数的不规则变化 1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。 2)单复同形 如: deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters 3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。 如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a pers on,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。 如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如: a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。 The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. >是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 6)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
【双写】
在不特殊的情况下,当原形最后一个音节为重读闭音节时,需要双写。比如:swim——swimming
run——running
put——putting
begin——begging
想不起来都是双写的.
不一定都只有一个元音字母
2、其它不可数名词还有:absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, work(工作)
【集合名词】
有些集合名词,ommittee,council,crew,crowd,family,gang,government,group,mob,staff,team, union等,在意义上是复数,但在语法形式上是单数,这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则。例如:
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.
A council of elders governs the tribe.
The present government is trying to control inflation.
The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.
(一)通常作复数的集体名词
包括police,people, cattle, militia, vermin等,这些集体名词通常用作复数。
例如:
The British police have only very limited powers.
The militia were called out to guard the borderland.
It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.
(二)通常作不可数名词的集体名词
通常作不可数名词的集体名词,包括poultry,foliage,machinery, equipment,furniture,
merchandise等,这类名词后的动词用单数形式。
例如:
Poultry is expensive at this time of year.
That green foliage was restful.
The merchandise has arrived undamaged.
All the machinery in the factory is made in China.
The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.
The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.
(三)可作单数也可作复数的集体名词
可作单数也可作复数的集体名词,包括audience, committee, crew, family, government,jury等。
例如:
The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.
The jury is/are about to announce the winners.
The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.
【不规则名词】
名词复数的不规则变化 1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如: an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。 2)单复同形 如: deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters 3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。 如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a pers on,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。 如: The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如: a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。 The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. >是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5) 表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 6)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
【双写】
在不特殊的情况下,当原形最后一个音节为重读闭音节时,需要双写。比如:swim——swimming
run——running
put——putting
begin——begging
想不起来都是双写的.
不一定都只有一个元音字母
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
第1个回答 2010-12-18
规则变化
1)一般情况下加-s
如book--books(书) desk--desks(书桌)
2)以s ,x ,ch , sh结尾加-es
如box--boxes(盒子) bus--buses(公共汽车)
注意①以 th 结尾加-s, month--months
②stomach--stomachs
3)以辅音字母+结尾,变y为i再加- es。
如city--cities(城市) country--countries(国家)
注意以元音+y,直接加s。如:day--days(天),boy--boys(男孩)
4)以f或fe结尾,复数变f或 fe 为v再加-es
如knife-knives(书) , half-halves(一半)
(thief ,wife ,life ,shelf ,knife ,leaf ,self ,half ,wolf)
注意①有少数词后直接加s,如roof-roofs (屋顶)
5)以o结尾
(1)辅音字母加o结尾名词的加-es
如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮)
potato-potatoes(土豆)
(2) 元音字母加o结尾名词的加-s
如piano-pianos (钢琴), zoo-zoos(动物园)
photo-photos (照片), kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠)
kilo-kilos(千克)
注意zero 两种方式都可:zero-zeros或 zeroes(零)
不规则变化
1) 元音字母发变化。
如man--men(男人) , woman--women(妇女)
tooth--teeth(牙齿) , foot--feet(脚)
mouse--mice(老鼠) , policeman--policemen(警察)
policewoman--policewomen(女警察)
2) 词尾发生变化。
如child--children(小孩) , ox--oxen(公牛)
3) 单、复数形式相同。
如fish--fish(鱼) ,sheep--sheep(绵羊) ,deer--deer(鹿) ,Chinese--Chinese(中国人) ,yuan--Yuan(元) ,jinn--jinn(斤)
注意 不说an English,要说an Englishman.
①fish作鱼肉讲时不可数,没有复数。
②fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。
4) 形似单数,实为复数意义。
如people(人,人们)these people
(不说a people,可说a person)
police(公安,警察)ten police
(不说a police,可说a policeman)
5) 由man和woman构成的合成名词,变复数将名词及man或woman都变成复数。
如a man driver-men drivers(男司机)
a woman doctor-women doctors (女医生)
6) 合成名词变为复数时,通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数。
如passer-by-passers-by(过路人)
bus driver-bus drivers(汽车司机)
注意如果没有主体名词,就在最后一词上加-s。如:
grown-up-grown-ups(成年人)
letter-box-letter-boxes (信箱)
注意①hair和fruit通常作单数,表示总体。若表示若干根头发或若干种水果,则需用这两个词的复数形式。
如Would you like some more fruit? 你要不要再吃点水果?
We bought a lot of fruit from the market. 我们从市场上买了许多水果,
China has some good frits. 中国有一些好的水果。(指种类)
She has a few white hairs. 她有几要白头发。
His black hair is going white. 他的黑发逐渐变成灰白色。
注意②wind ,snow和rain这类词,有时也可以有复数形式,表示多次的风、雪或雨。
注意以boy 和girl开头的复合名词变成复数时,一般只把后一名词变成复数。
如 boy student-boy students(男学生)
girlfriend--girlfriends(女朋友)
7) 有些名词只有作复数。
如scissors(剪刀)a pair of scissors(一把剪刀)trousers(裤子)shorts(短裤)jeans(工装裤)compasses(两脚规)scales(天平)sunglasses(太阳镜)surroundings(环境)savings(储蓄)writings(作品)
名词+man(woman)构成的复合名词,其复数形式通常与简单名词一样,即把man(woman)改成men(women)。
如Englishman--Englishmen(英国人)
Frenchwoman--Frenchwomen(法国妇女)
注意German不是复合词,它的复数是Germans。本回答被网友采纳
1)一般情况下加-s
如book--books(书) desk--desks(书桌)
2)以s ,x ,ch , sh结尾加-es
如box--boxes(盒子) bus--buses(公共汽车)
注意①以 th 结尾加-s, month--months
②stomach--stomachs
3)以辅音字母+结尾,变y为i再加- es。
如city--cities(城市) country--countries(国家)
注意以元音+y,直接加s。如:day--days(天),boy--boys(男孩)
4)以f或fe结尾,复数变f或 fe 为v再加-es
如knife-knives(书) , half-halves(一半)
(thief ,wife ,life ,shelf ,knife ,leaf ,self ,half ,wolf)
注意①有少数词后直接加s,如roof-roofs (屋顶)
5)以o结尾
(1)辅音字母加o结尾名词的加-es
如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮)
potato-potatoes(土豆)
(2) 元音字母加o结尾名词的加-s
如piano-pianos (钢琴), zoo-zoos(动物园)
photo-photos (照片), kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠)
kilo-kilos(千克)
注意zero 两种方式都可:zero-zeros或 zeroes(零)
不规则变化
1) 元音字母发变化。
如man--men(男人) , woman--women(妇女)
tooth--teeth(牙齿) , foot--feet(脚)
mouse--mice(老鼠) , policeman--policemen(警察)
policewoman--policewomen(女警察)
2) 词尾发生变化。
如child--children(小孩) , ox--oxen(公牛)
3) 单、复数形式相同。
如fish--fish(鱼) ,sheep--sheep(绵羊) ,deer--deer(鹿) ,Chinese--Chinese(中国人) ,yuan--Yuan(元) ,jinn--jinn(斤)
注意 不说an English,要说an Englishman.
①fish作鱼肉讲时不可数,没有复数。
②fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。
4) 形似单数,实为复数意义。
如people(人,人们)these people
(不说a people,可说a person)
police(公安,警察)ten police
(不说a police,可说a policeman)
5) 由man和woman构成的合成名词,变复数将名词及man或woman都变成复数。
如a man driver-men drivers(男司机)
a woman doctor-women doctors (女医生)
6) 合成名词变为复数时,通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数。
如passer-by-passers-by(过路人)
bus driver-bus drivers(汽车司机)
注意如果没有主体名词,就在最后一词上加-s。如:
grown-up-grown-ups(成年人)
letter-box-letter-boxes (信箱)
注意①hair和fruit通常作单数,表示总体。若表示若干根头发或若干种水果,则需用这两个词的复数形式。
如Would you like some more fruit? 你要不要再吃点水果?
We bought a lot of fruit from the market. 我们从市场上买了许多水果,
China has some good frits. 中国有一些好的水果。(指种类)
She has a few white hairs. 她有几要白头发。
His black hair is going white. 他的黑发逐渐变成灰白色。
注意②wind ,snow和rain这类词,有时也可以有复数形式,表示多次的风、雪或雨。
注意以boy 和girl开头的复合名词变成复数时,一般只把后一名词变成复数。
如 boy student-boy students(男学生)
girlfriend--girlfriends(女朋友)
7) 有些名词只有作复数。
如scissors(剪刀)a pair of scissors(一把剪刀)trousers(裤子)shorts(短裤)jeans(工装裤)compasses(两脚规)scales(天平)sunglasses(太阳镜)surroundings(环境)savings(储蓄)writings(作品)
名词+man(woman)构成的复合名词,其复数形式通常与简单名词一样,即把man(woman)改成men(women)。
如Englishman--Englishmen(英国人)
Frenchwoman--Frenchwomen(法国妇女)
注意German不是复合词,它的复数是Germans。本回答被网友采纳
第2个回答 2010-12-17
鱼和鸡是特殊的、当它们是活的时候、就是可数名词、但是是鱼肉或鸡肉是不可数。鱼的单复数形式一样。一般名词复数直接在后面加S。