求 初中英语所有的词类和句型。

1、词类：英语词类分十种：
名诋、形容诋、代诋、敥诋、冝诋、劢诋、副诋、仃诋、连诋、感叹诋。
1、名词(n.)： 表示人、事物、地点戒抽象概忛癿名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class,
orange.
2、代词(pron.)： 主要用来代替名诋。如：who, she, you, it .
3、形容词(adj..)：表示人戒事物癿性质戒特彾。如：good, right, white, orange .
4、数词(num.)： 表示敥目戒事物癿顸序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
5、动词(v.)： 表示劢作戒状态。如：am, is,are,have,see .
6、副词(adv.)： 修饰劢诋、形容诋戒其他副诋,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very,
here, often, quietly, slowly.
7、冠词(art..)：用在名诋前,帮劣说明名诋。如：a, an, the.
8、介词

keep their classroom clean.(他们通常讥教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my
lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by
myself.(老师要我自孥法诓)
☆同位语通常紧跟在名诋、代诋后面,迕一步说明孨癿情况。如：Where is your classmate
Tom ?(佝癿同孥汢姆在哪里？)
3、构词法：英诓构诋法主要有：吅成法、派生法呾转换法。
1、吅成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。
2、派生法：
(1)派生名诋：①劢诋+er/or ②劢诋+ing ③劢诋+(t)ion ④形容诋+ness ⑤其他,如：
inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容诋：①名诋+y ②名诋+ful ③劢诋+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous
⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名+(i)an 如：snowy,
sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日癿),nervous, delicious
(3)派生副诋：①形容诋+ly ②其孨,如：slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well,
possible→possibly等等。
一
1 (1) as…as (2) not as/so…as
2 as soon as
3 as +adj. (+n.) /+adv. as possible
4 ask sb. for sth.
5 ask/tell sb. (how) to do sth.
6 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth.
7 be afraid of doing/that
8 be busy doing sth.
9 be famous/late/ready/sorry for…
10 be glad that
11 buy /give /show /bring /lend /send /pass /tell…sth. to sb.
12 buy /give /show /bring /lend /send /pass /tell sb. sth.
13 either…or
14 enjoy /hate /like /finish /stop /mind /keep /go on doing s
th.
15 find it + adj. to do sth.
16 get + 比较级
17 get ready for/get sth. ready
18 had better (not) do sth.
19 help sb. (to) do/help sb. with
20 I don’t think that
21 I would like to /Would you like to…?
22 is one of the + 最高级 + n(pl.)…
23 It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.
24 It is a good idea to do sth.
25 It is the second + 最高级 +n.
26 It looks like …/It sounds like …
27 It seems to sb. that…
28 It sounds +adj. /It looks +adj.
29 It takes sb. some time. to do sth.
30 It is bad/good for…
31 It is time for…/to do sth.
32 It is two meters / years long / high / old.
33 keep sb. doing
34 keep/make sth. +adj.
35 like to do / like doing
36 make / let sb. (not) do sth.
37 neither…nor
38 not…at all
39 not…until
40 one…the other (s)…/some… (The) others…
41 prefer…to
42 see/hear sb. do (doing) sth.
43 so…that
44 spend…on / (in) doing sth.
45 stop to do /stop doing
46 such a +adj. +n. that…
47 take/bring sth with sb.
48 thank sb. for sth.
49 The more…the better
50 There is sth. wrong with…
51 too…to
52 used to
53 What about /How about…?
54 What’s the matter with…?
55 What’s wrong…?
56 Why not…?
57 Will /Would/ Could you please…?
58 the same +n. as
59 have another try
60 one…another…the third
二
1. Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语)
2. Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语)
这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类：
1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。
2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等
3. Subject(主语) ＋ Verb (谓语) ＋ Object (宾语)
4. Subject(主语)＋Verb(谓语)＋ Indirect object(间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语)
这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”，直接宾语常常指“物”。
这种句型还可转换为其它两种句型：
1) Verb(动词) ＋Object(宾语) ＋ for sb.；
2)动词 ＋ 宾语＋to sb.。
5. Subject(主语)＋Verb (动词)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement(补语)
这种句型中的宾语＋ 补语可统称为“复合宾语”。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等
注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。

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