如题所述
Einstein, Albert
born March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Ger.
died April 18, 1955, Princeton, N.J., U.S.
German-Swiss-U.S. scientist.
Born to a Jewish family in Germany, he grew up in Munich, and his family moved to Switzerland in 1894. He became a junior examiner at the Swiss patent office in 1902 and began producing original theoretical work that laid many of the foundations for 20th-century physics. He received his doctorate from the University of Zürich in 1905, the same year he won international fame with the publication of three articles: one on Brownian motion, demonstrating the existence of molecules; one on the photoelectric effect, in which he demonstrated the particle nature of light; and one on his special theory of relativity, which included his formulation of the equivalence of mass and energy (E = mc2). He held several professorships before becoming director of Berlin's Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in 1914. In 1915 he published his general theory of relativity, which was confirmed experimentally during a solar eclipse in 1919 with observations of the deviation of light passing near the Sun. He received a Nobel Prize in 1921 for his work on the photoelectric effect, his work on relativity still being controversial. He made important contributions to quantum field theory, and for decades he sought to discover the mathematical relationship between electromagnetism and gravitation, which he believed would be a first step toward discovering the common laws governing the behaviour of everything in the universe, but such a unified field theory eluded him. His theories of relativity and gravitation represented a profound advance over Newtonian physics and revolutionized scientific and philosophical inquiry. He resigned his position at the Prussian Academy when Adolf Hitler came to power and moved to Princeton, N.J., where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study. Though a longtime pacifist, he was instrumental in persuading Pres. Franklin Roosevelt in 1939 to initiate the Manhattan Project for the production of an atomic bomb, a technology his own theories greatly furthered, though he did not work on the project himself. The most eminent scientist in the world in the postwar years, he declined an offer to become the first prime minister of Israel and became a strong advocate for nuclear disarmament.
爱因斯坦 [Einstein, Albert]
(1879.3.14,德国 符腾堡 乌尔姆～1955.4.18,美国 新泽西州 普林斯顿)
德裔美籍科学家。出生于犹太家庭，在慕尼黑长大，1894年迁居瑞士阿谑小T就读于苏黎世的一所技术学校(1900年毕业)，在这段期间他放了德国公民身份；有多年时间无国籍，1901年才入籍瑞士。1902年爱因斯坦成为瑞士专利局的初级检验员，开始进行独创的理论工作，为20世纪物理学奠定了许多理论基础。1905年获得苏黎世大学博士学位，同年一连发表3篇论文从而赢得国际声誉：一篇论述布朗运动，依据分子运动的能量来解释；一篇论述光电效应，证实了光的粒子性质；一篇论述他特有的相对论，包括物质的质量与能量的等效性(E=mc2)。他拥有数个教授职位，1913年出任柏林威廉皇帝物理研究所主任。1915年发表了广义相对论，在1919年一次日食中观察太阳近处光的偏离，获得实验上的肯定。1921年因在光电效应方面的工作而获颁诺贝尔物理学奖，而在相对论方面的工作仍有争议。他对量子场论有重要的贡献，几十年来致力于找出电磁作用与万有引力之间的数学关系，他相信这是找到宇宙中统御物体行为之共同定律的第一步，但这样的统一场论并未被研究出来。他在相对论和引力方面的理论远胜过老式的牛顿物理学，对科学和哲学的探讨掀起了一场革命。当A.希特勒掌权时，他辞去普鲁士科学院的职位，迁居美国新泽西州普林斯顿，到高级研究院工作。虽然长期奉行和平主义，却在1939年出面说服F.罗斯福总统启动曼哈顿工程，以制造原子弹。虽然他并没有亲自参与这项工作，他的理论却大大推进了这项技术。1940年爱因斯坦成为美国公民，但仍保有瑞士籍。身为战后世界最赫赫有名的科学家，他拒绝出任以色列第一任总理，而成为倡导核裁军的有影响力的人士。
born March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Ger.
died April 18, 1955, Princeton, N.J., U.S.
German-Swiss-U.S. scientist.
Born to a Jewish family in Germany, he grew up in Munich, and his family moved to Switzerland in 1894. He became a junior examiner at the Swiss patent office in 1902 and began producing original theoretical work that laid many of the foundations for 20th-century physics. He received his doctorate from the University of Zürich in 1905, the same year he won international fame with the publication of three articles: one on Brownian motion, demonstrating the existence of molecules; one on the photoelectric effect, in which he demonstrated the particle nature of light; and one on his special theory of relativity, which included his formulation of the equivalence of mass and energy (E = mc2). He held several professorships before becoming director of Berlin's Kaiser Wilhelm Institute in 1914. In 1915 he published his general theory of relativity, which was confirmed experimentally during a solar eclipse in 1919 with observations of the deviation of light passing near the Sun. He received a Nobel Prize in 1921 for his work on the photoelectric effect, his work on relativity still being controversial. He made important contributions to quantum field theory, and for decades he sought to discover the mathematical relationship between electromagnetism and gravitation, which he believed would be a first step toward discovering the common laws governing the behaviour of everything in the universe, but such a unified field theory eluded him. His theories of relativity and gravitation represented a profound advance over Newtonian physics and revolutionized scientific and philosophical inquiry. He resigned his position at the Prussian Academy when Adolf Hitler came to power and moved to Princeton, N.J., where he joined the Institute for Advanced Study. Though a longtime pacifist, he was instrumental in persuading Pres. Franklin Roosevelt in 1939 to initiate the Manhattan Project for the production of an atomic bomb, a technology his own theories greatly furthered, though he did not work on the project himself. The most eminent scientist in the world in the postwar years, he declined an offer to become the first prime minister of Israel and became a strong advocate for nuclear disarmament.
爱因斯坦 [Einstein, Albert]
(1879.3.14,德国 符腾堡 乌尔姆～1955.4.18,美国 新泽西州 普林斯顿)
德裔美籍科学家。出生于犹太家庭，在慕尼黑长大，1894年迁居瑞士阿谑小T就读于苏黎世的一所技术学校(1900年毕业)，在这段期间他放了德国公民身份；有多年时间无国籍，1901年才入籍瑞士。1902年爱因斯坦成为瑞士专利局的初级检验员，开始进行独创的理论工作，为20世纪物理学奠定了许多理论基础。1905年获得苏黎世大学博士学位，同年一连发表3篇论文从而赢得国际声誉：一篇论述布朗运动，依据分子运动的能量来解释；一篇论述光电效应，证实了光的粒子性质；一篇论述他特有的相对论，包括物质的质量与能量的等效性(E=mc2)。他拥有数个教授职位，1913年出任柏林威廉皇帝物理研究所主任。1915年发表了广义相对论，在1919年一次日食中观察太阳近处光的偏离，获得实验上的肯定。1921年因在光电效应方面的工作而获颁诺贝尔物理学奖，而在相对论方面的工作仍有争议。他对量子场论有重要的贡献，几十年来致力于找出电磁作用与万有引力之间的数学关系，他相信这是找到宇宙中统御物体行为之共同定律的第一步，但这样的统一场论并未被研究出来。他在相对论和引力方面的理论远胜过老式的牛顿物理学，对科学和哲学的探讨掀起了一场革命。当A.希特勒掌权时，他辞去普鲁士科学院的职位，迁居美国新泽西州普林斯顿，到高级研究院工作。虽然长期奉行和平主义，却在1939年出面说服F.罗斯福总统启动曼哈顿工程，以制造原子弹。虽然他并没有亲自参与这项工作，他的理论却大大推进了这项技术。1940年爱因斯坦成为美国公民，但仍保有瑞士籍。身为战后世界最赫赫有名的科学家，他拒绝出任以色列第一任总理，而成为倡导核裁军的有影响力的人士。
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第1个回答 2008-02-28
Albert Einstein (German pronunciation (help·info)) (March 14, 1879 – April 18, 1955) was a German born American theoretical physicist widely regarded as the most important scientist of the 20th century and one of the greatest physicists of all time. He played a leading role in formulating the special and general theories of relativity; moreover, he made significant contributions to quantum theory and statistical mechanics. He was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect in 1905 (his "wonderful year") and "for his services to Theoretical Physics."
爱因斯坦（德语发音（帮助信息） ） （ 1879年3月14日-1 955年4月1 8日）是德国出生的美国理论物理学家，被广泛视为最重要的科学家， 2 0世纪，其中一个最大的物理学家的所有时间。他发挥了主导作用，制定特殊和一般理论的相对论;此外，他也作出了重大贡献，以量子论和统计力学。他被授予1921年诺贝尔物理学奖，他解释了光电效应，在1905年（他的"美妙的一年" ）和"作为自己的服务，以理论物理学" 。
After British solar eclipse expeditions in 1919 reported confirmation that light rays from distant stars were deflected by the gravity of the Sun in the amount he had predicted in his theory of relativity, Einstein became world-famous, an unusual achievement for a scientist. The London Times ran the headline on 7 November 1919: "Revolution in science - New theory of the Universe - Newtonian ideas overthrown". In popular culture, his name has become synonymous with great intelligence and genius.
后英日食探险队在1919年的报道证实，光线从遥远的恒星被转移的严重性，太阳在投向他曾预言，在他的相对论，爱因斯坦成了世界闻名，是一个不寻常的成就是科学家。伦敦时报的大标题对1919年11月7日说： "革命的科学-新理论的宇宙-牛顿的想法推翻"了。在流行文化中，他的名字已成为同义怀着极大的智慧和天才。
爱因斯坦（德语发音（帮助信息） ） （ 1879年3月14日-1 955年4月1 8日）是德国出生的美国理论物理学家，被广泛视为最重要的科学家， 2 0世纪，其中一个最大的物理学家的所有时间。他发挥了主导作用，制定特殊和一般理论的相对论;此外，他也作出了重大贡献，以量子论和统计力学。他被授予1921年诺贝尔物理学奖，他解释了光电效应，在1905年（他的"美妙的一年" ）和"作为自己的服务，以理论物理学" 。
After British solar eclipse expeditions in 1919 reported confirmation that light rays from distant stars were deflected by the gravity of the Sun in the amount he had predicted in his theory of relativity, Einstein became world-famous, an unusual achievement for a scientist. The London Times ran the headline on 7 November 1919: "Revolution in science - New theory of the Universe - Newtonian ideas overthrown". In popular culture, his name has become synonymous with great intelligence and genius.
后英日食探险队在1919年的报道证实，光线从遥远的恒星被转移的严重性，太阳在投向他曾预言，在他的相对论，爱因斯坦成了世界闻名，是一个不寻常的成就是科学家。伦敦时报的大标题对1919年11月7日说： "革命的科学-新理论的宇宙-牛顿的想法推翻"了。在流行文化中，他的名字已成为同义怀着极大的智慧和天才。
第2个回答 2008-03-02
Albert Einstein on March 14, 1879 in the German city of Ulm was born, his parents were Jewish. Einstein have a happy childhood, his father was a quiet, docile and good-hearted people, people who love literature and mathematics. His mother made her strong, popular music and influence of Albert Einstein, Albert Einstein played study violin at age six. From the violin became his lifelong companion. Einstein's parents have a positive impact on his family and education, home filled with the spirit of freedom and auspicious atmosphere.
艾伯特·爱因斯坦于1879年3月14日在德国小城乌尔姆出生，他的父母都是犹太人。爱因斯坦有一个幸福的童年，他的父亲是位平静、温顺的好心人，爱好文学和数学。他的母亲个性较强，喜爱音乐，并影响了爱因斯坦，爱因斯坦从六岁起学小提琴，从此小提琴成为他的终生伴侣。爱因斯坦的父母对他有着良好的影响和家庭教育，家中弥漫着自由的精神和祥和的气氛
艾伯特·爱因斯坦于1879年3月14日在德国小城乌尔姆出生，他的父母都是犹太人。爱因斯坦有一个幸福的童年，他的父亲是位平静、温顺的好心人，爱好文学和数学。他的母亲个性较强，喜爱音乐，并影响了爱因斯坦，爱因斯坦从六岁起学小提琴，从此小提琴成为他的终生伴侣。爱因斯坦的父母对他有着良好的影响和家庭教育，家中弥漫着自由的精神和祥和的气氛
第3个回答 2008-02-29
Einstein, virtuous descendant American scientist.1879 Year March 14's wasing born in Germany black ear 姆 is a small owner family of the town, on April 18,1955 卒 in American Princeton.Liking music since childhood is a well-trained violin hand.Graduate from the industrial university of federal in Zurich in 1900 and obtain Switzerland book.Behind find out to fix a work in the 伯尔尼 Switzerland patent bureau.His a series of earlier period's historic ll of achievementses are here to make.1909 work in the academic circles, serving as an University of Zurich theories physics associate professor.In 1914, should M.The gram of 普朗 and W.Ability the 斯 take off of invitation, return to Germany to allow the physical graduate school bureau chief of William's Royal and University of Berlin professor.Hitler goes on stage in 1933, Einstein because of ising a Jew, and then defending democracy determinedly, the head encounters a persecution, compelled emigration the United States of Princeton.1940 goes into an US citizenship.Retire in 1945.Einstein distinguish in 1905 and 1915, put forward special theory of Relativity and general theory of Relativity, re- explain the basic concept of physics, revised Newton's mechanics, replaced traditional universal gravitation theories, make the estimate of physics theories more accurate.Einstein and Newton are the giants that the physical history is up juxtaposed.
爱因斯坦,德裔美国科学家。1879 年3月14日生于德国乌耳姆镇的一个小业主家庭，1955年4 月18日卒于美国普林斯顿.自幼喜爱音乐，是一名熟练的小提琴手。1900年毕业于苏黎世联邦工业大学并取得瑞士籍。后在伯尔尼瑞士专利局找到固定工作。他早期的一系列历史性成就都是在这里作出的。1909年首次在学术界任职，出任苏黎世大学理论物理学副教授。1914年，应M.普朗克和W.能斯脱的邀请，回德国任威廉皇家物理研究所所长兼柏林大学教授。1933年希特勒上台，爱因斯坦因为是犹太人，又坚决捍卫民主，首遭迫害，被迫移居美国的普林斯顿。1940年入美国籍。1945年退休。爱因斯坦分别于1905年和1915年，提出了狭义相对论和广义相对论，重新诠释物理学的基本概念，修正了牛顿力学，取代了传统的万有引力理论，使物理理论的预测更为精确。爱因斯坦和牛顿是物理史上并列的巨人.
爱因斯坦,德裔美国科学家。1879 年3月14日生于德国乌耳姆镇的一个小业主家庭，1955年4 月18日卒于美国普林斯顿.自幼喜爱音乐，是一名熟练的小提琴手。1900年毕业于苏黎世联邦工业大学并取得瑞士籍。后在伯尔尼瑞士专利局找到固定工作。他早期的一系列历史性成就都是在这里作出的。1909年首次在学术界任职，出任苏黎世大学理论物理学副教授。1914年，应M.普朗克和W.能斯脱的邀请，回德国任威廉皇家物理研究所所长兼柏林大学教授。1933年希特勒上台，爱因斯坦因为是犹太人，又坚决捍卫民主，首遭迫害，被迫移居美国的普林斯顿。1940年入美国籍。1945年退休。爱因斯坦分别于1905年和1915年，提出了狭义相对论和广义相对论，重新诠释物理学的基本概念，修正了牛顿力学，取代了传统的万有引力理论，使物理理论的预测更为精确。爱因斯坦和牛顿是物理史上并列的巨人.
第4个回答 2011-06-08
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein was considered the greatest scientist of the 20th century and one of the greatest of all time. His discoveries and theories have greatly influenced science in many fields.
Einstein was born in 1879 in Ulm, a city in Germany. As a boy, he was slow to learn to talk, but later in his childhood he showed great curiosity about nature and ability to solve difficult mathematical problems. After he left school, he went to Switzerland, where he graduated from the university with a degree in mathematics.
In 1905, Einstein began to publish a series of papers which shook the whole scientific and intellectual world, and for the theories he established in the papers he won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921.
Because Einstein was Jewish, when Hitler took over Germany in 1933, he had to leave the country and finally settled in the United States. There he continued his study on the structure of the universe until his death in 1955.
Among the several important discoveries Einstein made in his life, the greatest is the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity
艾伯特爱因斯坦
艾伯特爱因斯坦被视为 20 世纪和最好的之一最伟大科学家整时间。 他的发现和理论在许多领域中已经非常影响科学。
爱因斯坦在 1879 年在 Ulm 出生, 在德国的一个城市。 身为一个男孩，他慢学习说话，但是稍后在他的孩童时期方面，他表示关于自然的棒好奇心和能力解决困难的数学问题。 在他离开了学校之后, 他去达到他从大学以数学的一个学位毕业的瑞士。
在 1905 年，爱因斯坦开始出版摇动了整个的科学和智力的世界的一系列的文件, 和为理论「他在他在 1921 年为物理学嬴得了诺贝尔奖的文件中建立」.
因为爱因斯坦是犹太人的，当希特勒在 1933 年接管了德国的时候，他必须离开国家和最后被定居美国。 在那里他在 1955 年直到他的死亡继续在宇宙的结构方面的他的研究。
在一些重要的发现爱因斯坦之中在他的生活方面制造, 最好的是他的相对论的出名理论的创造
Albert Einstein was considered the greatest scientist of the 20th century and one of the greatest of all time. His discoveries and theories have greatly influenced science in many fields.
Einstein was born in 1879 in Ulm, a city in Germany. As a boy, he was slow to learn to talk, but later in his childhood he showed great curiosity about nature and ability to solve difficult mathematical problems. After he left school, he went to Switzerland, where he graduated from the university with a degree in mathematics.
In 1905, Einstein began to publish a series of papers which shook the whole scientific and intellectual world, and for the theories he established in the papers he won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921.
Because Einstein was Jewish, when Hitler took over Germany in 1933, he had to leave the country and finally settled in the United States. There he continued his study on the structure of the universe until his death in 1955.
Among the several important discoveries Einstein made in his life, the greatest is the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity
艾伯特爱因斯坦
艾伯特爱因斯坦被视为 20 世纪和最好的之一最伟大科学家整时间。 他的发现和理论在许多领域中已经非常影响科学。
爱因斯坦在 1879 年在 Ulm 出生, 在德国的一个城市。 身为一个男孩，他慢学习说话，但是稍后在他的孩童时期方面，他表示关于自然的棒好奇心和能力解决困难的数学问题。 在他离开了学校之后, 他去达到他从大学以数学的一个学位毕业的瑞士。
在 1905 年，爱因斯坦开始出版摇动了整个的科学和智力的世界的一系列的文件, 和为理论「他在他在 1921 年为物理学嬴得了诺贝尔奖的文件中建立」.
因为爱因斯坦是犹太人的，当希特勒在 1933 年接管了德国的时候，他必须离开国家和最后被定居美国。 在那里他在 1955 年直到他的死亡继续在宇宙的结构方面的他的研究。
在一些重要的发现爱因斯坦之中在他的生活方面制造, 最好的是他的相对论的出名理论的创造
