如题所述
不定式作宾补的情况：一、表示“使/让……”概念的动词这类动词常见的有：have,let,make,get,keep,drive,send,leave,force,cause等.它们后边分别可跟不定式，分词，形容词、介词短语，名词等作宾语补足语。例如：I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long.对不起，让你久等了。The victory sent our spirits rising.胜利使得我们情绪高涨。二、不定式做宾补，不定式符号可以省略的动词常见的有；see,watch,hear,observe,feel,notice,listen to,llook at等感官动词及表示使役概念的have,let,mak等。这类词在变为被动语态时，其后不定式符号 to常补出。例如：We are made to work far into the night.我们被迫干活到深夜。注；在这种结构中，watch，have,let一般不变为被动语态。如： The boy was watched to come out。(误）三、不定式作宾语补足语，其后内容省略而只保留不定式符号的动词此类动词常见的有；refuse,want,intend,oblige,mean,expect,tell,hope,like,love,plan, try, prefer,wish等。例如:-----Why did you cause the baby cry?------Idid n't mean to.常见的用现在分词作宾补的结构有:get / leave / keep / set / catch / have sb. doing; see / find / watch / feel / hear / listen to / discover sb. doing 如:He kept me waiting the whole morning. 他让我等了整整一上午。注意:如果把上述结构变为被动语态(get, have, feel除外),则原来作宾补的现在分词变成主补。如:The girl was caught stealing. 这女孩被抓住偷东西。高考试题精选:1. Seeing the sun above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.A. to rise B. to raise C. rising D. raising2. The missing boys were last seen near the river.析:1.答案是C。本题考查宾语补足语。see可接不定式或分词作补语,此句中宾语sun跟宾补rising 构成主谓关系,且宾补(rising)所表示的动作与前面seeing 所表示的动作同时发生,所以应用现在分词作宾补。 2. 答案是A。本题考查主语补足语。
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