二战五十周年之际,日本的军国主义倾向反而抬头,亚洲周边国家为此颇为不满。人们会问,为什么五十年后的日本人还要为他们的前辈在五十年前的罪行道歉呢?作为一个民族,它的行为不仅要受一时的成本-收益分析的驱使,更受其民族文化的影响。因为一民族的文化实际上是该民族历史的记忆的积淀。只有一时的成本收益分析,一个民族只会象囚徒困境中的不合作者行事,而世代延续下来的民族文化,由于记忆了过去多次博弈的行为与结果,则倾向于采取合作的策略。在历史中侵略他国的民族,如果不将这一侵略及其后果记忆下来,就不能在其文化中殖入和平的基因,它的文化就不能阻止它发动新的侵略战争。所以,从一个民族及其历史的角度看,五十年后的人为其先辈道歉并不为过。
问题是,为什么不少日本人拒绝道歉呢?除了我们不知道的原因,一个原因是,在日本之前的侵略者并没有道歉。我在这里指的是英国和法国为首的西方国家。它们之所以没有道歉,是因为它们迄今为止还没有打败过。由于社会达尔文主义的逻辑,打输的侵略者受到了惩罚,被要求道歉,但打胜的侵略者却没有受到过惩罚,也还没有被要求道歉。自近代以来英、法等西方人强加于世界的规则,其实就是日本人后来遵循的规则。即社会达尔文主义的战国规则,亦即我在“什么是文明”中所说的“武器先进者胜”的规则。正是这种规则导致了两次世界大战,导致世界迅速地从大刀长矛的时代进入了核时代。但是直到今天,西方人不仅没有丝毫的忏悔,反而百般粉饰那一段不光彩的历史。从他们的正统历史教科书中,新一代西方人不会对他们先辈的海盗行为感到羞愧,现代的日本军国主义却会从中找到它的道德基础。然而,我们今天面对的世界秩序,实际上是由我们对历史的理解构成的。它所包含的“武器先进者胜”的规则,是在一百五十年前就奠立了的。我们对以前的历史不加批判,我们就不能改变今天的规则。而正是这种规则,使人类进入了核恐怖,使人们看不到走向和平的道路。
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请高手帮忙翻译成英文!因为难度的确很大! 所以翻译一部分、一个自然句也行!
我翻译了个开头:“the year of 2005 is the 60th anniversary of world war 2.however,The trend of the militarism in Japan is come up on the contrary.The neighbor countries are very dissatisfied for this. Someone would ask:why the Japanese should apologize for their elder generation's war criminal acts of 60 years ago? as a nation,It's action will ”
我对段落中有一些句子感到有些棘手! 比如:……“作为一个民族,它的行为不仅要受一时的成本-收益分析的驱使,更受其民族文化的影响。因为一民族的文化实际上是该民族历史的记忆的积淀。只有一时的成本收益分析,一个民族只会象囚徒困境中的不合作者行事,而世代延续下来的民族文化,由于记忆了过去多次博弈的行为与结果,则倾向于采取合作的策略。”……
……“即社会达尔文主义的战国规则,亦即我在“什么是文明”中所说的“武器先进者胜”的规则。” ……等等等等。。。
欢迎大家参与~ 翻译其中单个句子也很欢迎! 希望和大家一同交流下 ^_^
问题是,为什么不少日本人拒绝道歉呢?除了我们不知道的原因,一个原因是,在日本之前的侵略者并没有道歉。我在这里指的是英国和法国为首的西方国家。它们之所以没有道歉,是因为它们迄今为止还没有打败过。由于社会达尔文主义的逻辑,打输的侵略者受到了惩罚,被要求道歉,但打胜的侵略者却没有受到过惩罚,也还没有被要求道歉。自近代以来英、法等西方人强加于世界的规则,其实就是日本人后来遵循的规则。即社会达尔文主义的战国规则,亦即我在“什么是文明”中所说的“武器先进者胜”的规则。正是这种规则导致了两次世界大战,导致世界迅速地从大刀长矛的时代进入了核时代。但是直到今天,西方人不仅没有丝毫的忏悔,反而百般粉饰那一段不光彩的历史。从他们的正统历史教科书中,新一代西方人不会对他们先辈的海盗行为感到羞愧,现代的日本军国主义却会从中找到它的道德基础。然而,我们今天面对的世界秩序,实际上是由我们对历史的理解构成的。它所包含的“武器先进者胜”的规则,是在一百五十年前就奠立了的。我们对以前的历史不加批判,我们就不能改变今天的规则。而正是这种规则,使人类进入了核恐怖,使人们看不到走向和平的道路。
问题补充:....!!!!!!
请高手帮忙翻译成英文!因为难度的确很大! 所以翻译一部分、一个自然句也行!
我翻译了个开头:“the year of 2005 is the 60th anniversary of world war 2.however,The trend of the militarism in Japan is come up on the contrary.The neighbor countries are very dissatisfied for this. Someone would ask:why the Japanese should apologize for their elder generation's war criminal acts of 60 years ago? as a nation,It's action will ”
Problem is, why not a few Japanese the brush-off apologize?In addition to our one who do not know of reason, a reason is, before Japan of invade did not apologize.I am here what to point is England and western nation of the French leaders.The reason that they did not apologize, is because they up to the present have not yet vanquished.Because of the logic of the social Darwinism, the one who beat lose of invade be subjected to to punish, drive request apology, but beat win of invade didn't be subjected to to over punishment, also still didn't drive request apology.Force upon the rule of the world since modern age from the western person of English, method...etc., is the rule that the Japanese follows afterwards in fact.The war country rule of the namely social Darwinism, that is I am in" what is a civilization" the rule of" weapon the forerunner's win" say.Exactly this kind of rule caused two world war, cause world grown the ages of pike into the pit for ages from the long-handled sword quickly.But down to date, the western person not only has no to repent the slightest, covering up that not only colourful history on the contrary and in every possible way.From in their orthodox tradition history textbook, western person of new generation can't to them first the piracy of the generation feel ashamed, but the Japanese militarism of the modern will find out its morals foundation from it.However, the order of world that we face today, be constituted to the comprehension of the history by us actually.The rule of" weapon the forerunner's win" that it include, established to sign in 150 year agos.We do not add the judgment to the history of the past, we can't change the rule of today.But exactly this kind of rule, make the mankind enter the pit terror, make people can not see to head for the peaceful road.
Problem complement:....!!!!!!
Please the superior help the translation become English!Because the difficulty is really very big! So turn over problem is, why not a few Japanese the brush-off apologize?In addition to our one who do not know of reason, a reason is, before Japan of invade did not apologize.I am here what to point is England and western nation of the French leaders.The reason that they did not apologize, is because they up to the present have not yet vanquished.Because of the logic of the social Darwinism, the one who beat lose of invade be subjected to to punish, drive request apology, but beat win of invade didn't be subjected to to over punishment, also still didn't drive request apology.Force upon the rule of the world since modern age from the western person of English, method...etc., is the rule that the Japanese follows afterwards in fact.The war country rule of the namely social Darwinism, that is I am in" what is a civilization" the rule of" weapon the forerunner's win" say.Exactly this kind of rule caused two world war, cause world grown the ages of pike into the pit for ages from the long-handled sword quickly.But down to date, the western person not only has no to repent the slightest, covering up that not only colourful history on the contrary and in every possible way.From in their orthodox tradition history textbook, western person of new generation can't to them first the piracy of the generation feel ashamed, but the Japanese militarism of the modern will find out its morals foundation from it.However, the order of world that we face today, be constituted to the comprehension of the history by us actually.The rule of" weapon the forerunner's win" that it include, established to sign in 150 year agos.We do not add the judgment to the history of the past, we can't change the rule of today.But exactly this kind of rule, make the mankind enter the pit terror, make people can not see to head for the peaceful road.
Problem complement:....!!!!!!
Please the superior help the translation become English!Because the difficulty is really very big! So translate a part, a natural sentence all right!
I translated a beginning:" The the year of 2005 is the 60 th anniversary of world war 2. howevers, The trend of the militarism in Japan is come up on the contrary.The neighbor countries are very dissatisfied for this. Someone would ask:why the Japanese should apologize for their elder generation's war criminal acts of 60 years ago? The as a nation, It's action will"
I am some with in the paragraph have some sentences tough! For example:The …… " be a race, its behavior not only needs to is subjected to a fit of cost - income to order about analytically, but also be affect by its race culture.Because a the culture of the race is accumulate of remember of that race history 淀 actually.Only have a fit of cost income analysis, a race is only the meeting the elephant prisoner predicament in of be unsuited to the author to do, but the race culture that generation continues down, because of remembering past many behaviors of 博弈s and result, then incline toward the strategy of adopt the cooperation." ……
The …… " namely the war country rule of the social Darwinism, that is I at" what is a civilization" in the rule of" weapon the forerunner's win" say." ……The etc. etc....
水平有限,勿笑(请做为最佳答案.谢谢)
原文有几个地方需要有一点点小问题,有待商榷,我也没有完全直译。希望能得到各位高手的指点,因为我希望提问者能得到一篇像样的译文,让世界上更多的人来关心和平,彻底消灭军国主义、帝国主义.....
The year 2005 marks the 50th anniversary of World War II. Japanese militarism, however, is raising its ugly head again, which has caused widespread discontentment among Asian countries. Some people may wonder why Japanese people should apologize fifty years later for the crimes committed by their father generation fifty years ago. As a nation, its behavior may not only be affected by cost-benefit analysis, but also may be influenced by its national culture because a nation’s culture is the accumulation and sedimentation of this nation’s historical memory. With attention paid only to temporary cost-benefit analysis, a nation could become nothing but a prisoner in predicament who would not cooperate, while a national culture that has been continuing for generations tends to adopt cooperative strategy because it has learned its lessons from the experiences of past gambling. A nation that has invaded other countries in history could not implant the gene of peace in its culture if it did not record the act and the consequence of the invasion, and its culture could not guarantee that it would not wage another new war of aggression.Thus, in view of the nation and its history, it is quite reasonable that the later generation should make an apology for what their forefathers have done.
Then the puzzle is why Japanese refuse to make an apology? Besides the reasons that we do not know, one reason is that some aggressors preceding the Japanese aggression did not apologize for what they did. Here I am referring to western countries led by Britain and France. They don’t apologize because until now they have not been defeated. The logic of Social Darwinism holds the belief that defeated aggressors should be punished and apologize, but the winning aggressors have not be punished and not apologized. The rule imposed upon the world by Britain, France, and other western countries since modern times has been actually followed by Japanese. The rule, namely Social Darwinist warfare rules, is referred to as Sophisticated- Weapons-Means –Victory Rule when I explained what civilization is. It is no other than this rule that caused the two world wars and brought the world from knife and spear age to atom era. Until now westerners have not showed the slight intention to repent. On the contrary, they try by every means to glorify that ignominious historic period. Reading their orthodox history textbooks, modern westerners do not think that they should feel ashamed of their forefathers’ piracy, but from them the Japanese militarism has found its moral justification.
The world order we face today consists in our interpretation of history. The Sophisticated- Weapons-Means –Victory Rule was laid down 150 years ago. If we cannot make a critical judgment of past history, we will not be able to change the rules of today. It is this very rule that has brought mankind to atom age and blocked our view of the road to peace.本回答被提问者采纳
As one nationality, its behaviour not merely stressed by one time analysis of cost and profit, but also influenced by it's unique cultural background. If it put attention only on one time analysis of cost and profit, this nationality would merely like the prisoners in embrassment, which did things always couldn't cooperate with others, there fore, the descending cultural civilzation will trend to adopte the strategy of emeragement for the results of memorizing too much gamble-like actions of the past.
(手工翻译,敬请指教)
Problem is, why not a few Japaneses brush-off apologize?Besides the reason that we know not, a reason is, invade before Japan did not apologize.I am at a western nation for is England with the leader of France.The reason that they did not apologize, is because they up to the present haven't vanquished.Because of the logic of the social Darwinism, beat to lose of invade is punished by 惩 , is requested apology, but beat the 胜 invades have never suffered however the 惩 punishes, also still diding not is requested apology.Force upon the rule of the world since modern age from the western person in英 , method...etc., is a rule that Japanese follow afterwards in fact.The war country rule of the namely social Darwinism, that is I am in" what is civilization" the rule of the a" weapon forerunner 胜 " for saying.Exactly this kind of rule caused two world war, caused the world grow from the long-handled sword quickly the times of pike to enter the ages of 核 .But down to date, the western person not only did not repent the slightest, covering up a history for not brilliance on the contrary and in every possible way.From their orthodox tradition history textbook inside, western person in new generation can't to them first the piracy of the generation feels ashamed, modern Japanese militarism 却会从中找到它的道德基 ?However, the order of world that we face today, in reality constitute to the historical comprehension from us of.It the rule of the a" weapon forerunner 胜 " for including, is at 150 year ago establish the 立 of.We do not add the judgment to the history of the past, we can't change the rule of today.But exactly this kind of rule, make mankind enter the 核 terror, make people can not see the peaceful road in alignment.
The question is, why do many Japanese refused to apologize? In addition we do not know the reasons, one reason is that in Japan the aggressor did not apologize before. Here, I refer to the Western countries, led by Britain and France. They have no apologies, because they so far have not been defeated. As social Darwinism logic, the aggressors to lose the punishment, was asked to apologize, but did not win the aggressors have received punishment has not yet been called upon to apologize. Since the beginning of modern times Britain, France, and other Westerners on the rules of the world, in fact, is the Japanese subsequently followed the rules. Namely, the Warring States rules of social Darwinism, or in my "What is civilization," said the "advanced weapons of winning" rules. It is this rule has led to two world wars, resulting in the world quickly from machetes lance entered the era of nuclear era. But until today, the Westerners have not the slightest remorse, but tried over a period of the inglorious history. From their orthodox history textbooks, a new generation of Westerners do not feel ashamed of their ancestors by piracy, modern Japanese militarism will find its moral foundations. Today, however, we face the world order is in fact determined by our understanding of the historical composition. It contains "persons of advanced weapons defeat" of the rules is to build a 150 years ago. We previous history without criticism, we can not change this rule. It is this rule which, to the dawn of a nuclear terror so that people can not see the path to peace.