如题所述
解释如下
定语从句
定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词(先行词)后进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。通俗来讲,从句在整个句子中做定语,这个从句就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。
被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。
定语
从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语
从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who,
whom,
that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is
he
the
man
who/that
wants
to
see
you?
他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He
is
the
man
whom/
that
I
saw
yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2)
Whose
用来指人或物,(只用作定语,
若指物,它还可以同of
which互换),
例如:
They
rushed
over
to
help
the
man
whose
car
had
broken
down.
那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please
pass
me
the
book
whose
(of
which)
cover
is
green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which,
that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A
prosperity
which
/
that
had
never
been
seen
before
appears
in
the
countryside.
农村出现了前所未
有的繁荣。(which
/
that在从句中作主语)
The
package
which
/
that
you
are
carrying
is
about
to
come
unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。(which
/
that
在从句中作宾语)
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when,
where,why
关系副词when,
where,
why的含义相当于"介词+
which"结构,因此常常和"介词+
which"结构交替使用.
There
are
occasions
when
(on
which)
one
must
yield.
任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing
is
the
place
where
(in
which)
I
was
born.
北京是我的出生地。
Is
this
the
reason
why
(for
which)
he
refused
our
offer?
这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,
where,
why和"介词+
which"引导的定语从
句,在非正式文体中that常被省略(正式文体中不可省略),例如:
His
father
died
the
year
(that
/
when
/
in
which)
he
was
born.
他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He
is
unlikely
to
find
the
place
(that
/
where
/
in
which)
he
lived
forty
years
ago.
他不大可能找到他四十
年前居住过的地方。
定语从句
定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词(先行词)后进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。通俗来讲,从句在整个句子中做定语,这个从句就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。
被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。
定语
从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语
从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who,
whom,
that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is
he
the
man
who/that
wants
to
see
you?
他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He
is
the
man
whom/
that
I
saw
yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2)
Whose
用来指人或物,(只用作定语,
若指物,它还可以同of
which互换),
例如:
They
rushed
over
to
help
the
man
whose
car
had
broken
down.
那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please
pass
me
the
book
whose
(of
which)
cover
is
green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which,
that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A
prosperity
which
/
that
had
never
been
seen
before
appears
in
the
countryside.
农村出现了前所未
有的繁荣。(which
/
that在从句中作主语)
The
package
which
/
that
you
are
carrying
is
about
to
come
unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。(which
/
that
在从句中作宾语)
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when,
where,why
关系副词when,
where,
why的含义相当于"介词+
which"结构,因此常常和"介词+
which"结构交替使用.
There
are
occasions
when
(on
which)
one
must
yield.
任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing
is
the
place
where
(in
which)
I
was
born.
北京是我的出生地。
Is
this
the
reason
why
(for
which)
he
refused
our
offer?
这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,
where,
why和"介词+
which"引导的定语从
句,在非正式文体中that常被省略(正式文体中不可省略),例如:
His
father
died
the
year
(that
/
when
/
in
which)
he
was
born.
他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He
is
unlikely
to
find
the
place
(that
/
where
/
in
which)
he
lived
forty
years
ago.
他不大可能找到他四十
年前居住过的地方。
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第1个回答 2012-02-18
定语从句
含义:充当定语功能的句子成为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称形容词性从句。
先行词,被定语从句修饰的名词,代词成为先行词。
关系词,引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。
Don't forget the book which I told you to bring.
关系词的种类
关系代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
代指人--who,whom,whose,that,
代指物--which,as,whose,that
My chemistry teacher is a man who/that can make his class lovely and interesting.
关系副词,在从句中作状语,一般不可省略。
先行词 关系副词
时间:day,year,date,time 时间:when, during which time
地点:the place, the city, Beijing等 地点:where, in which, from which
原因:the reason 原因:why, that, for which
Make marks in places where you have questions.
定语从句中需要注意的事项。
主谓一致
a,取决于先行词,先行词是单数,从句谓语动词就用单数;
先行词是复数,从句谓语动词就用复数。
Mr. Smith ,who is now downstairs, is asking to see you.
b,"one of + 名词复数"作主语,从句谓语动词用复数;
"the (only, very, right) one of +名词复数"作主语,从句谓语动词用单数。
Tom is one of the students who were awarded.
Tom is the only one of the students who was awarded.本回答被网友采纳
含义:充当定语功能的句子成为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称形容词性从句。
先行词,被定语从句修饰的名词,代词成为先行词。
关系词,引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。
Don't forget the book which I told you to bring.
关系词的种类
关系代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
代指人--who,whom,whose,that,
代指物--which,as,whose,that
My chemistry teacher is a man who/that can make his class lovely and interesting.
关系副词,在从句中作状语,一般不可省略。
先行词 关系副词
时间:day,year,date,time 时间:when, during which time
地点:the place, the city, Beijing等 地点:where, in which, from which
原因:the reason 原因:why, that, for which
Make marks in places where you have questions.
定语从句中需要注意的事项。
主谓一致
a,取决于先行词,先行词是单数,从句谓语动词就用单数;
先行词是复数,从句谓语动词就用复数。
Mr. Smith ,who is now downstairs, is asking to see you.
b,"one of + 名词复数"作主语,从句谓语动词用复数;
"the (only, very, right) one of +名词复数"作主语,从句谓语动词用单数。
Tom is one of the students who were awarded.
Tom is the only one of the students who was awarded.本回答被网友采纳
第2个回答 2012-02-21
我先跟你讲几个关键大点,有兴趣的话 加QQ再讲吧 这个东西说难也难但掌握了窍门很简单。首先要弄清定语从句必须知道什么是定语。所以定语从句我在跟学生讲的时候最重要讲了第一点:一、概念。概念里包括定语、先行词和关系词的概念。这三个概念弄清楚了,后面的学习才没有迷惑。第二、定语从句关系词的确定,第三、定语从句中介词可以提前的情况 第四、定语从句中关系词只能用that或which的情况,第五、非限制性定语从句和特殊关系词引导的定语从句。如果要讲在这里讲比较麻烦,因为很多东西涉及到真正的理解,不能光靠背诵和记忆,所以有兴趣的话我在QQ上告诉你,还有,学了定语从句有句话你掌没有掌握----“先行词在定语从句中要充当成分”如果这句话你不知道或不会使用,那么定语从句就相当于你真的不懂了。