希望有例句,一目了然简洁
动词不定式就是我们常说的to do形式,其中的动词是以原形出现的,情态动词加动词原形就是因为情态动词要求接不带to的不定式,也就只剩动词原形了。 分词包括过去分词和现在分词,拿fall为例,fallen为过去分词,falling为现在分词。fallen leaves表示落叶(在地上),falling leaves表示落叶(正在下落)。 动名词的形式与现在分词是一样的,但是意义上稍有区别,例如: a sleeping bag,这里的sleeping是动名词,表示的是a bag for sleeping. a sleeping baby,这里的sleeping是现在分词,表示的是a baby who is sleeping动词不定式概述 一 不定式的体 1. 不定式的一般式(to do)表示不定式的.动作将要发生或与谓语动作同时发生. 2 不定式的进行体(to be doing)表示不定式的动作正在发生. 不定式的完成体(to have done)表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生. 二 不定式的逻辑主语 1 不定式的逻辑主语常不出现在句中. 2 句子的主语,宾语有时是不定式的逻辑主语. 3 不定式前"for+名词/代词"结构中的名词或代词也可以用来表示不定式的;逻辑主语. 4在"It+be+形容词+of+名词/代词+to do"结构中,名词或代词为不定式的逻辑主语.该结构中的形容词通常用来表示人的品质.例如:kind, good, nice, bad, cruel, honest, bold, thoughtful, right, wrong, wise, clever, silly, foolish, careless, rude等. 例如:It's very kind of you to cal to tell me about the conference. 三 不定式的否定式 不定式否定式由not/never +to do构成 四 不定式的句法功能 1 不定式做主语 1)To say something is one thing; to do it is another. 2)It is not a good idea to build houses along the lines where two of the earth's plates join together. 注:充当主语的不定式即可置于句首,位于谓语动词之前,也可作为句子的真正主语置于句末,用作形式主语. 2 不定式作表语 3)Her uncle seems to be acting rather strangely towards her these days. 4)The purpose of the fence is to keep out a type of wild dog called a "Dingo". 5)One suggested answer is for farmers to limit the number of their cattle. 注:充当表语的不定式一般位于be ,seem等系动词后. 3 不定式作宾语 6)Shylock agreed to lend Antonio money on one condition. 注:充当宾语的不定式位于及物动词后.常用不定式作宾语的动词有:agree, plan, determine, dare, refuse, hope, wish, expect, promise, choose, pretend, decide, manage, intend, offer, afford, demand. 7)The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space. 注:充当宾语的不定式如果有自己的表语,则可用代替只个不定式作为形式宾语,而作为真正宾语的不定式则放在表语之后.以it作为形式宾语的这种结构常用在think, feel, find, make, consider等动词之后. big and strong. 4 不定式作宾语补足语 8)The powder made from fish, blood and bones will make the cabbage plants grow big and strong. 9)Portia told Bassanio to go to his friend at once. 注:在下列动词后作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to.这些动词是observe, notice, see, hear, watch, have, feel, make, let.但上述动词转换为被动语态时,其后的不定式须带to.例如:The cabbage plants will be made to grow 动词不定式(todo)是初中英语课的一个重点,也是中考要考查的一个项目。动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式,很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起,掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳,帮助同学们记忆:
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第1个回答 2014-04-27
在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词 是动词的非谓语形式.动词一般在句子中充当谓语.在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分 3种形式:不定式,分词(现在分词、过去分词),动名词 1.非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有: (1)如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如: They built a garden. They suggested building a garden. (2)都可以被状语修饰: The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well. (3)都有主动与被动, “体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。例如: He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态) He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式) We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时) Having written the composition, we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式) (4)都可以有逻辑主语 They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语) The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语) We are League members.(谓语动词的主语) We being League member, the work was well done. (现在分词的逻辑主语) 2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有: (1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。 (2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。 (3)非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。 (4)谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。 英语中的分词分两种:现在分词(the present participle)和过去分词(the past participle)。不定式:to do动名词:doing