如题所述
动词不定式
一、 基本形式
a.不定式的基本形式是“小品词to﹢动词原形” 即to﹢v. ;但有时也可省去to, 即:(to) ﹢v. 。
b.分词有两种基本形式:现在分词(the present participle)和过去分词(the past participle)。
①现在分词的基本形式是动词的—ing形式,如,writing, doing ,working ,going, etc.
②过去分词的基本形式是:a) 规则动词﹢ed, 即v.-ed, 如,visit→visited ,ask→asked ,dig→digged ,etc; b) 不规则动词有其自身的过去式和过去分词,学生需要用心熟记,方能正确使用。如,go→went→gone; do→did→done, etc .
c. 动名词的基本形式与现在分词的基本形式相同,都是动词的—ing 形式,如,doing ,writing ,doing ,etc .
二、 时态、语态及其基本用法
A. 不定式
1.不定式的时态、语态有三种形式:①一般式,如,to write / to be written ;②进行式,如,to be writing / to have been writing;③完成式,如,to have written / to have been written 。
2.基本用法
①不定式的一般式,表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时也发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后。如:
He seems to know this.(=It seems that he knows this.)
I hope to see you again.(=I hope that I’ll see you again.)
He doesn’t like to be laughed at. (=He doesn’t like that he is being laughed at.)
②不定式的进行式,表示不定式的动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。如:
When the mother went into the room, the boy pretended to be sleeping. (=… , the boy pretended that he was sleeping .)
I heard the English song being sung by him. (=I heard that the English song was being sung by him.)
③.不定式的完成式,表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如:
I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. (= I am sorry that I kept you waiting so long. )
Having been well written, the book was translated into many languages. (=Because it had been well written, …)
B. 动名词
1.动名词的时态、语态有两种形式:①一般式,如,writing / being written ; ②完成式,如,having written / having been written 。
2.基本用法
①动名词的一般式不表示动作正在进行,但作具有状语性质的宾语时,动名词一般式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如:
The teacher is busy collecting the students’ exam papers.
②动名词的完成式在作具有状语性质的宾语时,表示的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已发生。如:
He was praised by the teacher for having done the work wonderfully.
He felt so sorry for not having been given the chance to work in the company.
一、 基本形式
a.不定式的基本形式是“小品词to﹢动词原形” 即to﹢v. ;但有时也可省去to, 即:(to) ﹢v. 。
b.分词有两种基本形式:现在分词(the present participle)和过去分词(the past participle)。
①现在分词的基本形式是动词的—ing形式,如,writing, doing ,working ,going, etc.
②过去分词的基本形式是:a) 规则动词﹢ed, 即v.-ed, 如,visit→visited ,ask→asked ,dig→digged ,etc; b) 不规则动词有其自身的过去式和过去分词,学生需要用心熟记,方能正确使用。如,go→went→gone; do→did→done, etc .
c. 动名词的基本形式与现在分词的基本形式相同,都是动词的—ing 形式,如,doing ,writing ,doing ,etc .
二、 时态、语态及其基本用法
A. 不定式
1.不定式的时态、语态有三种形式:①一般式,如,to write / to be written ;②进行式,如,to be writing / to have been writing;③完成式,如,to have written / to have been written 。
2.基本用法
①不定式的一般式,表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时也发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后。如:
He seems to know this.(=It seems that he knows this.)
I hope to see you again.(=I hope that I’ll see you again.)
He doesn’t like to be laughed at. (=He doesn’t like that he is being laughed at.)
②不定式的进行式,表示不定式的动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。如:
When the mother went into the room, the boy pretended to be sleeping. (=… , the boy pretended that he was sleeping .)
I heard the English song being sung by him. (=I heard that the English song was being sung by him.)
③.不定式的完成式,表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如:
I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. (= I am sorry that I kept you waiting so long. )
Having been well written, the book was translated into many languages. (=Because it had been well written, …)
B. 动名词
1.动名词的时态、语态有两种形式:①一般式,如,writing / being written ; ②完成式,如,having written / having been written 。
2.基本用法
①动名词的一般式不表示动作正在进行,但作具有状语性质的宾语时,动名词一般式表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如:
The teacher is busy collecting the students’ exam papers.
②动名词的完成式在作具有状语性质的宾语时,表示的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已发生。如:
He was praised by the teacher for having done the work wonderfully.
He felt so sorry for not having been given the chance to work in the company.
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第1个回答 2019-02-04
to
do
answering
stealing
因为of
后只能加动名词词
动词后,加动名词还是不定式,是看固定搭配的,不同的用法和意义~
do
answering
stealing
因为of
后只能加动名词词
动词后,加动名词还是不定式,是看固定搭配的,不同的用法和意义~
第2个回答 2019-03-15
doing,因为情态动词后动词的ING形式表被动
answering,因为介词后只跟名词或动名词
stealing,因为介词后只跟名词或动名词
还有在一些情况下,动词不定式可以表目的,而动名词不行
answering,因为介词后只跟名词或动名词
stealing,因为介词后只跟名词或动名词
还有在一些情况下,动词不定式可以表目的,而动名词不行