如题所述
设焦点弦端点为A,B,A,B横坐标分别为x1,x2,A,B到与焦点对应的准线的距离分别为d1,d2,焦点弦过焦点F,
则离心率e=AF/d1=BF/d2=(AF+BF)/(d1+d2)=AB/(d1+d2)=AB/[|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|]
焦点弦长AB=e[|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|]
若F为右焦点,则d1+d2=|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|=(a^2)/c-x1+(a^2)/c-x2=2(a^2)/c-(x1+x2)
焦点弦长AB=e[|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|]=e[2(a^2)/c-(x1+x2)]=2(c/a)(a^2)/c-e(x1+x2)
=2a-e(x1+x2)
若F为左焦点,则d1+d2=|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|=x1-(a^2)/c+x2-(a^2)/c=(x1+x2)-2(a^2)/c
焦点弦长AB=e[|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|]=e[(x1+x2)-2(a^2)/c]=e(x1+x2)-2(c/a)(a^2)/c
=e(x1+x2)-2a
则离心率e=AF/d1=BF/d2=(AF+BF)/(d1+d2)=AB/(d1+d2)=AB/[|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|]
焦点弦长AB=e[|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|]
若F为右焦点,则d1+d2=|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|=(a^2)/c-x1+(a^2)/c-x2=2(a^2)/c-(x1+x2)
焦点弦长AB=e[|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|]=e[2(a^2)/c-(x1+x2)]=2(c/a)(a^2)/c-e(x1+x2)
=2a-e(x1+x2)
若F为左焦点,则d1+d2=|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|=x1-(a^2)/c+x2-(a^2)/c=(x1+x2)-2(a^2)/c
焦点弦长AB=e[|x1-(a^2)/c|+|x2-(a^2)/c|]=e[(x1+x2)-2(a^2)/c]=e(x1+x2)-2(c/a)(a^2)/c
=e(x1+x2)-2a
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第1个回答 2011-12-28
证明：设抛物线为y^2=2px(p>0),过焦点F(p/2,0)的弦直线方程为y=k(x-p/2),直线与抛物线交于A（x1,y1),B(x2,y2)
联立方程得k^2(x-p/2)^2=2px,整理得k^2x^2-p(k^2+2)x+k^2p^2/4=0
所以x1+x2=p(k^2+2)/k^2
由抛物线定义，AF=A到准线x=-p/2的距离=x1+p/2, BF=x2+p/2
所以AB=x1+x2+p=p(1+2/k^2+1)=2p(1+1/k^2)=2p(1+cos^2/sin^2a)=2p/sin^2a
联立方程得k^2(x-p/2)^2=2px,整理得k^2x^2-p(k^2+2)x+k^2p^2/4=0
所以x1+x2=p(k^2+2)/k^2
由抛物线定义，AF=A到准线x=-p/2的距离=x1+p/2, BF=x2+p/2
所以AB=x1+x2+p=p(1+2/k^2+1)=2p(1+1/k^2)=2p(1+cos^2/sin^2a)=2p/sin^2a
