如何高效教学非谓语动词

非限定动词即非谓语动词，是那些不能单独作谓语，在人称和数方面不受主语限定的，具有名词、形容词 和副词的某些特征的动词形式，是不定式、分词和动名词的总称。要想掌握非限定动词，首先要熟悉英语的句 子成分、时态及语态等，然后再了解非限定动词的特点、形式、作用及区别等。当然还要做些相关的习题。要着重掌握以下内容。

一.非限定动词的否定

not须加在非限定动词之前。加强语气时用never代替not。

1. 不定式的否定形式：I promised not to be late. You'd better not say that again.

2.动名词的否定形式：Please excuse his not writing to you.

3.分词的否定形式：Not having done his job, he is not allowed to go out.

4.强调时的否定形式：Though never defeated in battle, they finally surrendered.

二.非限定动词的完成式、进行式完成进行式及被动式

1.完成式表示动作已经（或本应）完成，往往强调其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

I'm sorry to have woken you up.

He intended to have come yesterday.

Having failed twice, he didn't want to try again.

2.进行式表示动作正在进行（或反复发生），有时强调某种情感。

I pretended to be reading the newspaper.

I don't want you to be forever finding fault with me.

3.完成进行式表示动作一直在进行（或反复发生，往往与表示一段时间的状语连用。

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