如题所述
There are many things you can do to improve your memory.Among them are various memorizing methods as well as taking special care of your health.It is important that you regularly stimulate your brain to make your memory more efficient.You can do this by doing activites that you do not normally do and by changing your daily habits。Learning a new skill helps your brain to develope。When trying to memorize something ，you should focus your attention and concentrate on the mostimportant things about it。Do not allow other thoughts to enter yout mind because will lower your chances of making accurate memories。An excellent way to help memory is to link information with pictures.This is referred to as mnemonic techniques.Try to see the images in your mind.Taking notes，being organized and keeping a diary will also be useful tools。Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are essential for your memory to work propely。Drinking a lot of water also helps maintain your memory。You must allow your brain stores memory。Not ebough sleep can therefore，cause problems with stroing information。In addition， being tired will stop you from being able to concentrate well。Caffeine in tea and coffee are very good at preventing sleepiness and helping concentration，but they can also cause problems with memory。In order to concentrate well，you must be relaxed。Generally keeping fit and regular health checks are both impoteant as well-not just for improving your memory。
2、
Improving your Memory 增强记忆力的方法
Psychological research has focused on a number of basic principles th
at help memory： meaningfulness， organization， association， and visualizati
on． It is useful to know how these principles work． Meaningfulness affects
memory at all levels． Information that does not make any sense to you is
difficult to remember． There are several ways in which we can make materia
l more meaningful． Many people， for instance， learn a rhyme to help them r
emember． Do you know the rhyme ＂Thirty days has September， April， June， an
d November… ＂？ It helps many people remember which months of the year hav
e 30 days． Organization also makes a difference in our ability to remember
． How useful would a library be if the books were kept in random order？ Ma
terial that is organized is better remembered than jumbled information． On
e example of organization is chunking． Chunking consists of grouping separ
ate bits of information． Fox example， the number 4671363 is more easily re
membered if it is chunked as 467，13，63． Categorizing is another means of o
rganization． Suppose you are asked to remember the following list of words
： man， bench， dog， desk， woman， horse， child， cat， chair． Many people will
group the words into similar categories and remember them as follows： man
， woman， child； cat， dog， horse； bench， chair， desk． Needless to say， the
second list can be remembered more easily than the first one． Association
refers to taking the material we want to remember and relating it to somet
hing we remember accurately． In memorizing a number， you might try to asso
ciate it with familiar numbers or events． Fox example， the height of Mount
Fuji in Japan － 12，389 feet － might be remembered using the following ass
ociations： 12 is the number of months in the year， and 389 is the number o
f days in a year （365） added to the number of months twice （24）． The last
principle is visualization． Research has shown striking improvements in ma
ny types of memory tasks when people are asked to visualize the items to b
e remembered． In one study， subjects in one group were asked to learn some
words using imagery， while the second group used repetition to learn the
words． Those using imagery remembered 80 to 90 percent of the words， compa
red with 30 to 40 percent of the words for those who memorized by repetiti
on． Thus forming an integrated image with all the information placed in a
single mental picture can help us to preserve a memory．
心理学家的研究工作已把焦点对准了增强记忆的基本方法上了，这些基本方法就
是： 赋予意义、信息编组、建立联想、直观形象。知道支用这些方法是很有用的。
＂赋予意义＂能影响瞬时记忆也能影响到长期记忆。没有任何意义的信息要记住就比较
困难。有些方法可以使要记忆的材料赋予意义。例如，有很多人利用合辙押韵的办法
来帮助 记忆。你知道＂一三五七八十腊，三十一天准不差，其余月份三十天，只有二
月二十八＂这首 顺口溜帮助很多人记住了哪些月份有三十天。 ＂信息编组＂对我们的记
忆力也起很大作用。假如一座图书馆里的藏书乱七八糟，没有
顺序，那这座图书馆还能有处吗？按着一定编目的材料要比杂乱无章的混乱信息
好记得多。 信息编组的典型例子就是分块记忆。 每块记忆材料是由一些零散孤立的
信息所组成的。 例如， 要记住 4671363 这个数字，如果把它再分成三块 467，13，
63，就更容易记住了。分类编组 是另一种方法。假如要求你记住下列生词：男人、凳
子、狗、课桌、女人、马、孩子、猫、 椅子。很多人会把这些按词义相近编成下列三
个小类：男人、女人、孩子；猫、狗、马；凳 子、椅子、课桌。不用多说，第二种分
三小类的办法比第一种不分类的办法更容易记住。 ＂建立联想＂指的是把我们要记的材
料和我们已经精确的记住的材料之间联想起来。要 记住一个数字，你可以把这一数字
page 1
与你已经熟悉的数字或事情联系起来。例如：日本富士山 的海拔高度是 12，389 英
尺，你可以把这一数字用下列联想方法：一年有 12 个月，389 是 一年 365 天再加
上一年 12 个月乘上 2（24） 。 ＂直观形象＂是最后一种方法。研究的结果已经表明
，如果让人们把要记忆的事物都想 象出生动的直观形象，在完成各种不同类型的记忆
工作中，记忆都会产生惊人的效果。有一 项调查研究： 要求一组受试者使用直观形
象法来记住一些生词， 在此相对照的第二组受试者 只用重复法来记住这些生词。调
查结果是，凡是能用直观形象法记生词的人都能记住 80％－90％，在之成鲜明对比的是
，凡是用机械重复法记生词的人只能记住 30％－40％。这种 能形成一幅完整的形象，
把所有的信息都存放到脑海里的一幅画面中去的方法， 有助于我们 储存记忆材料
2、
Improving your Memory 增强记忆力的方法
Psychological research has focused on a number of basic principles th
at help memory： meaningfulness， organization， association， and visualizati
on． It is useful to know how these principles work． Meaningfulness affects
memory at all levels． Information that does not make any sense to you is
difficult to remember． There are several ways in which we can make materia
l more meaningful． Many people， for instance， learn a rhyme to help them r
emember． Do you know the rhyme ＂Thirty days has September， April， June， an
d November… ＂？ It helps many people remember which months of the year hav
e 30 days． Organization also makes a difference in our ability to remember
． How useful would a library be if the books were kept in random order？ Ma
terial that is organized is better remembered than jumbled information． On
e example of organization is chunking． Chunking consists of grouping separ
ate bits of information． Fox example， the number 4671363 is more easily re
membered if it is chunked as 467，13，63． Categorizing is another means of o
rganization． Suppose you are asked to remember the following list of words
： man， bench， dog， desk， woman， horse， child， cat， chair． Many people will
group the words into similar categories and remember them as follows： man
， woman， child； cat， dog， horse； bench， chair， desk． Needless to say， the
second list can be remembered more easily than the first one． Association
refers to taking the material we want to remember and relating it to somet
hing we remember accurately． In memorizing a number， you might try to asso
ciate it with familiar numbers or events． Fox example， the height of Mount
Fuji in Japan － 12，389 feet － might be remembered using the following ass
ociations： 12 is the number of months in the year， and 389 is the number o
f days in a year （365） added to the number of months twice （24）． The last
principle is visualization． Research has shown striking improvements in ma
ny types of memory tasks when people are asked to visualize the items to b
e remembered． In one study， subjects in one group were asked to learn some
words using imagery， while the second group used repetition to learn the
words． Those using imagery remembered 80 to 90 percent of the words， compa
red with 30 to 40 percent of the words for those who memorized by repetiti
on． Thus forming an integrated image with all the information placed in a
single mental picture can help us to preserve a memory．
心理学家的研究工作已把焦点对准了增强记忆的基本方法上了，这些基本方法就
是： 赋予意义、信息编组、建立联想、直观形象。知道支用这些方法是很有用的。
＂赋予意义＂能影响瞬时记忆也能影响到长期记忆。没有任何意义的信息要记住就比较
困难。有些方法可以使要记忆的材料赋予意义。例如，有很多人利用合辙押韵的办法
来帮助 记忆。你知道＂一三五七八十腊，三十一天准不差，其余月份三十天，只有二
月二十八＂这首 顺口溜帮助很多人记住了哪些月份有三十天。 ＂信息编组＂对我们的记
忆力也起很大作用。假如一座图书馆里的藏书乱七八糟，没有
顺序，那这座图书馆还能有处吗？按着一定编目的材料要比杂乱无章的混乱信息
好记得多。 信息编组的典型例子就是分块记忆。 每块记忆材料是由一些零散孤立的
信息所组成的。 例如， 要记住 4671363 这个数字，如果把它再分成三块 467，13，
63，就更容易记住了。分类编组 是另一种方法。假如要求你记住下列生词：男人、凳
子、狗、课桌、女人、马、孩子、猫、 椅子。很多人会把这些按词义相近编成下列三
个小类：男人、女人、孩子；猫、狗、马；凳 子、椅子、课桌。不用多说，第二种分
三小类的办法比第一种不分类的办法更容易记住。 ＂建立联想＂指的是把我们要记的材
料和我们已经精确的记住的材料之间联想起来。要 记住一个数字，你可以把这一数字
page 1
与你已经熟悉的数字或事情联系起来。例如：日本富士山 的海拔高度是 12，389 英
尺，你可以把这一数字用下列联想方法：一年有 12 个月，389 是 一年 365 天再加
上一年 12 个月乘上 2（24） 。 ＂直观形象＂是最后一种方法。研究的结果已经表明
，如果让人们把要记忆的事物都想 象出生动的直观形象，在完成各种不同类型的记忆
工作中，记忆都会产生惊人的效果。有一 项调查研究： 要求一组受试者使用直观形
象法来记住一些生词， 在此相对照的第二组受试者 只用重复法来记住这些生词。调
查结果是，凡是能用直观形象法记生词的人都能记住 80％－90％，在之成鲜明对比的是
，凡是用机械重复法记生词的人只能记住 30％－40％。这种 能形成一幅完整的形象，
把所有的信息都存放到脑海里的一幅画面中去的方法， 有助于我们 储存记忆材料
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