仁爱初中英语要求掌握的动词（原型-过去式-过去分词）

初中英语常用不规则动词分类表
1.AAA
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 割，切
hurt hurt hurt 受伤
hit hit hit 打，撞
let let let 让
put put put 放下
read read read 读
set set set 安排，安置
spread spread spread 展开，传播，涂
spit spit/spat spit/spat 吐痰,
shut shut shut 关上, 闭起,停止营业
2.ABB
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
beat beat beaten 打败
3.ABA
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
become became become 变
come came come 来
run ran run 跑
4.ABB
（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
burn burnt burnt 燃烧
deal dealt dealt 解决
dream dreamed/dreanmt dreamed/dreanmt 做梦
hear heard heard 听见
hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，悬挂
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习
light lit/lighted lit/lighted 点燃, 照亮
mean meant meant 意思
prove [pru:v] proved proven/proved 证明, 证实, 试验
shine shone/shined shone/shined 使照耀，使发光
show showed showed/shown 展示, 给...看
smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt 闻, 嗅
speed sped [sped]/speeded sped /speeded 加速
spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt 拼写
wake waked/woke waked/woken 醒来，叫醒, 激发

（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借给
rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 改建, 重建
send sent sent 送
spend spent spent 花费

（3）原形→ought →ought
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
fight fought fought 打架
think thought thought 思考,想
(4) 原形→aught →aught
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
catch caught caught 捉,抓
teach taught taught 教
（5）变其中一个元音字母
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
dig dug dug 掘(土), 挖 (洞、沟等)
feed fed fed 喂
find found found 发现，找到
get got got/gotten 得到
hold held held 拥有，握住，支持
lead led led 引导, 带领, 领导
meet met met 遇见
sit sat sat 坐
shoot shot shot 射击
spit spit/spat spit/spat 吐痰,
stick stuck stuck 插进, 刺入, 粘住,
win won won 赢

（6）原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
feel felt felt 感到
keep kept kept 保持
leave left left 离开
sleep slept slept 睡觉
sweep swept swept 扫

(7)其它
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
lay laid laid 下蛋, 放置
pay paid paid 付
say said said 说

stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 明白

lose lost lost 失去
have had had 有

make made made 制造
sell sold sold 卖
tell told told 告诉
retell retold retold 重讲，重复，复述
5.ABC
（1）原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
blow blew blown 吹
drive drove driven 驾驶
draw drew drawn 画画
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
give gave given 给
grow grew grown 生长
forgive forgot forgiven 原谅, 饶恕
know knew known 知道
mistake mistook mistooken 弄错; 误解,
overeat ['əuvə'i:t] overate overeaten (使)吃过量
prove [pru:v] proved proven/proved 证明, 证实, 试验
take took taken 拿
throw threw thrown 抛，扔
ride rode ridden 骑
see saw seen 看见
show showed showed/shown 展示
write wrote written 写

（2）原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
break broke broken 打破
choose chose chosen 选择
get got got/gotten 得到
hide hid hidden 隐藏
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
freeze froze frozen 冷冻,结冰，感到严寒
speak spoke spoken 说
steal stole stolen 偷
(3) 变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
[i→a →u]
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
begin began begun 开始
drink drank drunk 喝
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 下沉, 沉没
swim swam swum 游泳
ring rang rung 打电话
（4）其它
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
be(am, is, are) was/ were been 是
bear bore born/borne 负担, 忍受
do did done 做
fly flew flown 飞
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺
wear wore worn 穿

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