小女明天期中考试(英语)
可是句型转换不懂
有没有什么技巧?
有的话,请告诉我
小女万分感谢
不过没有分分拉,偶是新手!!
虽然有点多,但是希望你能看完,确实不错:
常规基本句式的转换方法、技巧点拨
“句型转换”有两种形式,一是按要求转换句型(如:要求将陈述句转换为否定句或一般疑问句;改为祈使句或感叹句;对划线部分提问等);二是“同义句转换”。本题型在中考中重要是测试我们运用英语“句型”的能力。“四位一体”的“句型转换”专项训练,就是为了发展我们这方面的能力。第一类题型的转换,重点是基本句型的运用,一般都有规律可循。除了熟记基本句式的结构外,还要注意some, any; already, yet 等词在转换时的变化。第二类句型转换(同义句转换)应该作为我们复习训练的重点。用不同的句式表达相同的意思,它标志着一个人的外语能力水平。提高此项能力的关键是熟悉句型结构,自如运用。通过“专项训练”,积累一定数量的相关句式,达到脱口而出,信手拈来,出神入化。
基本句式的转换主要是指“肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句、祈使句、感叹句”的相互转换。句式的转换一般都有一定的规律可循,我们就是要掌握它们的变化规律,能够举一反三,见此知彼。
(一)肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句的相互转换
这三种句型的转换有共同的规律可循,有几个要点必须牢记。我们可以把各种句式归为两大类:1、含有的be动词、助动词和情态动词的句子;2、只有行为动词的句子。
第1类的句子,肯定句改为否定句时,一律在be动词、助动词和情态动词后加“not”,改为一般疑问句时,一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首(首字母大写)。肯定回答用“Yes”;否定回答用“No”。“Yes”或“No”后面的主语必须用代词,“No”后面必须用否定缩略式。如:
将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句,并做肯定、否定回答:
1. There are some computers in this school. (be动词)
There aren’t any computers in this school.
Are there any computers in this school? (Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.)
2. Li Ming’s father can drive the car. (情态动词)
Li Ming’s father can’t drive the car.
Can Li Ming’s father drive the car? (Yes, he can. / No, he can’t.)
3. She has already finished his homework now. (助动词)
She hasn’t finished his homework yet.
Has she finished his homework yet? (Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.)
第2类句子必须借助助动词do; does; did。改为否定句,在行为动词前加don’t(一般现在时态,主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时);doesn’t(一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数时);didn’t(一般过去时态)。改为一般疑问句时,在句首加Do;Does 或Did。肯定回答用“Yes”,后面动词用 do; does或did”;否定回答用“No”,后面动词用don’t (doesn’t; didn’t)”。如:
将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句,并做肯定、否定回答:
1. The children like playing games.
The children don’t like playing games.
Do the children like playing games? (Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.)
2. Mary usually goes to school on foot.
Mary doesn’t usually go to school on foot. (原第三人称单数改为原形)
Does Mary usually go to school on foot? (Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.)
3. Tom went to London yesterday.
Tom didn’t go to London yesterday. (原过去式改为原形)
Did Tom go to London yesterday? (Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.)
(二)特殊疑问句的转换
把句子转换为特殊疑问句,首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”,人、物、时间、地点、数量、原因等分别用:who; whose; whom; what; when; where; why; how; how many; how much; how often; how old; how long等。 将相对应的疑问词放在句首,其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式,就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。如:
1. His licence number is 573968.
What’s your licence number?
2. Mike watches TV every evening.
What does Mike do every evening?
3. Jim studied in China last year.
Where did Jim study last year?
(三)选择疑问句、反意疑问句的转换
改为选择疑问句时,只需注意根据句子的内容用“or”连接两个并列的成分就可以了。如:
Lucy is a student, Lily is a doctor. 改为:
Who is a doctor, Lucy or Lily?
反意疑问句的结构是“陈述句 + 简短问句”,我们必须记住:“前面肯定;后面否定”和“前面否定;后面肯定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求。如:
Tom likes playing football, doesn’t he?
Xiao Hong didn’t like singing, did she?
注意:祈使句的反意疑问句,一般都用will you? Let me---打头的一般用 shall we?
(四)祈使句、感叹句的转换
改为祈使句,必须记住:肯定的祈使句,是原形动词打头,否定的祈使句是“Don’t”打头,后跟原形动词。(主语是I或 we时,句子开头用let me 或 let’s),如:
1.You should remember his telephone number. 改为:
Remember his telephone number, please.
2. You’d better not tell him the bad news. 改为:
Don’t tell him the bad news.
3. We can go there together. 改为:
Let’s go there together.
改为感叹句,必须记住,强调的是名词,句首用What,What后的名词前可以有形容词;强调的是形容词、副词,句首用How,后面必须紧跟形容词、副词,如:
The park is beautiful. 改为:
What the beautiful park!
或:How beautiful the park is!
He studies English is very hard. 改为:
How hard he studies English!
三、同义句转换试题解题方法、技巧点拨
(一)要善于运用不同的表达方式
我们都知道,一件事情有几种不同的说法,有的说法让人感到心暖如春,有的说法却使人感到冰冷如霜;有的说法听起来觉得文雅得体,有的说法让人听起来觉得粗鲁野蛮。我们写文章也是一样,不同的句子可以表达不同的效果,而如何准确、巧妙地运用不同的表达形式描述人、物、事件,正是我们需要下功夫学习的内容。
上面我们重点讨论了英语句子的基本常识,基本结构,如何正确使用句型进行谴词造句,如何使我们的语言更丰富、更精彩、更具艺术魅力,还需下一番苦功。下面三种不同形式的练习,可能会对我们有一定的帮助。
1、练习用不同的句式表达相同的内容
用不同的句式表达相同的内容,可以给人清新俊逸,耳目一新,不落俗套的感受。此类句式积累多了,可以扩大我们写作的视野,增加我们选择句型的余地,以便用最恰当的形式表达我们要表达的内容。如:问某人“出了什么事”或“怎么不舒服”,我们可以说“What’s wrong with you?”也可以说“What's the matter with you?”;说明“他经常给我打电话”,可以说“He often calls (phone; telephone) me.”,也可以说“He often rings me up.”,还可以说“He often gives me a call (ring).”。这样的表达形式,我们已学过不少,关键的是要学着运用。看看下面这些句式,你都很熟悉吗?
1. How do you like our school ? 你觉得我们学校怎么样?
What do you think of our school?
What do you like about our school?
2. What sport do you like best? 你最喜欢什么运动?
What’s your favourite report?
3. How is the weather today? 今天的天气怎么样?
What’s the weather like today?
4. It’s time to have supper. 到吃晚饭的时间了。
It’s time for supper.
5. Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the post office? 劳驾,请问到邮局怎么走?
Excuse me, which is the way to the post office, please?
Excuse me, how can I get to the post office, please?
Excuse me, where’s the post office, please?
6. What’s your name, please? 请问你叫什么名字?
May I know (have) your name?
Could you tell me what your name is?
7. I wish you a happy Mid-Autumn Day! 祝你中秋节快乐!
Best wishes to you for Mid-Autumn Day!
8. It took my uncle two hours to repair the machine. 我叔叔修那台机器用了两个小时。
My uncle spent two hours in repairing the machine.
9. I have studied Shaolin Wushu for two years. 我已学了两年少林武术了。
It’s two years since I began to study Shaolin Wushu
I studied Shaolin Wushu two years ago.
2、练习用不同的句式,表达不同的情感
有时为了表达不同的情绪、情感,需要适当变换一下句式,使语言更符合人物身份或当时的喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐、悲。最常用的是表示“客气、委婉”和“强调”。表示“委婉、客气”常可以借助“I’m afraid”、“don’t mind”、“please”I’m sorry等,如:
1. I can’t come on time.
我不能准时来。
I’m afraid I can’t come on time.
恐怕我不能准时来。(比较委婉)
2. May I use your bike?
我可以用一下你的自行车吗?
You don’t mind using your bike?
我可以用一下你的自行车吗?(更委婉)
否定句或强调句常常可以用来表示“强调”。如:
1. Remember to lock the door.
记着锁门。
Don't forget to lock the door.
别忘了锁门。(强调)
2. You should go there one foot.
你应该步行去那儿。
Why don’t you go there on foot?
你为什么不步行去那儿?(强调)
3. These flowers are quite beautiful.
这些花儿非常美。
How beautiful these flowers!
这些花儿多美啊!(强调美)
What beautiful flowers (these are)!
多美的花儿啊!(强调)
3、练习用习惯表达法,表达相同的内容
英语中有些句子是平铺直叙的,有的则借助习惯表达法使句子更具魅力,更能体现我们运用英语的水平。如:他们很累,不能再向前走了。下面三种表达都是对的,但从写作的角度来看,它们的层次是有区别的。
They are very tired, so they can not walk towards.
(两个简单句,平铺直叙)
They are so tired that they can not walk towards.
(复合句,用so---that连接,带有强调意味)
They are too tired to walk towards.
(一个简单句,用too---to连接,与上个句子意思相同)
再看下面几个句子,注意划线部分的用法。
1. Jim is clever, I am clever, too.
Both Jim and I are clever.
2. Tom has two cabbages. Mary has only one.
Tom has more cabbages than Mary.
3. We are busy. We aren’t able to go to the cinema today.
We have no time to go to the cinema today.
4. To take a big noise in the library is not polite.
It’s polite to keep (be) quiet in the library.
5. The heavy snow kept the visitors staying on top of the mountain.
The visitors were stopped from leaving the top of the mountain.
6. Tom knows much more about computer than any other students in his class.
Nobody else in our class knows so much about computer as Tom.
(二)同义句的转换解题思路
同义句转换是“句型转换”题型中的另一种类型,就是用于测试我们用不同的表达方式表达同一内容的能力,即,活用句子的能力。
同义句转换首先应清楚所给句子的句式结构,弄清楚试题填空部分与原句的对应关系,表达形式,对两个句子相同部分不需理会,全力考虑的是需要转换的部分,解题思路和要点如下:
1、读懂原句,搞清转换部分与原句的对应部分。如:
The student stood there and didn’t know what he should do next.
The student stood there and didn’t know ______ ______ do next.
本题原句意思是:那个同学站在那儿,不知下一步该做什么,下一句的两个空与上句的what he should对应,即用两个词表示上句三个词的意思,再如:
Hurry up, or we’ll miss the early train.
______ we ______ _____, we’ll miss the early train.
本题原句意为:快点,不然我们将要误早班车了,原句是祈使句,要完成的句子三个空(多了一个主语)必须表明“Hurry up,or”的意思。
2、根据所给空位,确定同义的句式和恰当的词语。
上面两个例子,第1题中know后是宾语从句,转换后的句子应为“what to(疑问词+不定式结构;第2题原句中的 “or” 是表示条件的,下一句理应改为条件状语从句:“If we don’t hurry”,再如:
Their football team is much stronger than the other two.
Their football team is ______ ______ of the ______.
本题原句是个比较级句型,而转换后的句型根据“of”的标志应是最高级句型,因为从句意上看是有二个足球队,空格处填the strongest; three,意思与原句相同。
3、对特殊结构的句型和习惯表达法要仔细斟酌。
有的句型是特殊结构或习惯表达法,这样的题一般较难,需认真思考。如:
He found the lost bike after Xiao Li arrived.
He ______ find the lost bike ______ Xiao Li arrived.
本题实际测试的是“not---until”这个特殊结构,按第2句话的空位,可填didn’t; before。虽然后者也能表达原句的意思,但不如用until结构更生动;更确切,再如:
Mr Li has been a League member for five and a half years.
Mr Li ______ ______ League five and a half years ______.
本题重点测试的是“参加,加入”的表达方法。“加入共青团”可用 “have been a League member”,也可用“joined the League”,它们的不同点是:前者用于现在完成时,常与for引导的一段时间状语连用;后者是短暂性动词,不能与for引导的一段时间状语连用,要用过去时,时间副词用ago,而不能用before。
(三)同义句转换的两种主要方法
用不同的句式表达相同的意思,是一个人能否活用英语句型的能力体现。同义句大多数情况下是通过改变单词、词组或句式结构而实现的。
1、换单词、词组
换单词、词组的原则是:所换的单词或词组必须与原句对应的单词或词组意义相同或相近,换完后两个句子的意思必须基本相同。要特别注意转换后的句子中个别其它词的些微变化。如:
1. Willy didn’t bring out the new coat until the boss made a phone call to Lily.
Willy didn’t bring out the new coat ______ the boss made a phone call to Lily.
句子转换后空白处的单词应与上句的“until”对应,这里填入“before”全句与上句意思接近。
2. There’s nobody but a passenger in the bus.
There’s _________ one passenger in the bus.
本题下句只是把“a”换成了“one”,而要求是把“nobody but”换成一个词,使两个句子意思基本相同。“nobody but”意思是“除了------外,没有人”,符合此意的单词,只有填“only”。
3. Tom was feeling unhappy in the past months.
Tom ______ ______ happy in the past months.
注意:此题转换后的句子中,“unhappy”改成了“happy”,其它词和句子结构、词的数量都没有变化。“un”是否定前缀,原句谓语动词形式是肯定的,转换后应改为否定形式的“wasn’t feeling”。
4. Look at the dark cloud. It looks like rain.
Look at the dark cloud. It ______ ______ ______ rain.
本题转换只需把两个词的“looks like”换为三个词,且意思不变即可。如果填写“is going to”,意思恰好与It looks like rain.接近。
2、换句式结构
通过改变句式结构转换句型与什么的换单词、词组要复杂一些。要求我们必须对各种句型记忆和运用纯熟,通过所给句子的框架,找出对应的句型。做这类题必须善于动用联想和发散思维,善于发现两个句子之间的有机联系。如:
1. He didn’t do well in the exam, I think.
I ______ ______ he ______ well in the exam.
根据两个句子结构,我们应该能想到“think”否定前移的用法。即,think后的宾语从句如果是否定形式时,否定形式应在主句,应填入“don’t think”和“did”。注意主语和从句的时态形式。
2. The match was too late. They were all tired this morning.
The football match was ______ late ______ they were all tired this morning.
本题是转换实际上是把两个简单句改为一个复合句。根据两个句子内容的关系(因果)和句式结构,以及有关的状语从句知识,我们应该能想到“so---that”是用于表示“因果关系”的,并顺利地填入“so”和“that”。
3. This bicycle is not as new as that one.
That bicycle is ______ ______ this one.
本题上句是个否定的“as---as”句型。仔细观察一下,下面的句子“this”和“that”颠倒了位置,并要求把“not as new as”换成两个词。思考:转换后的句子仍然是二者的比较。“as---as”用于二者同级比较,“more than”是用于二者比较的句式。填写“newer than”,两个句子意思就相同了。
4. You can only choose one out of the two.
Please take ______ this one ______ that one.
这个小题的两个句子明显是两个不同的句式。前一个句子的意思是“你只能从两个中选取一个。”第二个小题从句式结构上看,是要求填写两个连接词。联想到我们学过的并列连词:both---and; either---or; neither---nor; not only---but also等,用哪一个能准确表达什么句子的意思呢?当然是“either---or”。
由此可见,用不同的句式表达相同的意思首要的一点是熟悉各种句式,清楚结构不同但意思基本相同的句式之间的联系。我们都知道,语言是灵活多变的,同样的内容可以有多种不同的表达方式,虽然竞赛试题的“句型转换”是一对一的,但是我们平时学习时应尽可能多地掌握常用的句式,并灵活地使用它们,逐步达到运用自如。
常规基本句式的转换方法、技巧点拨
“句型转换”有两种形式,一是按要求转换句型(如:要求将陈述句转换为否定句或一般疑问句;改为祈使句或感叹句;对划线部分提问等);二是“同义句转换”。本题型在中考中重要是测试我们运用英语“句型”的能力。“四位一体”的“句型转换”专项训练,就是为了发展我们这方面的能力。第一类题型的转换,重点是基本句型的运用,一般都有规律可循。除了熟记基本句式的结构外,还要注意some, any; already, yet 等词在转换时的变化。第二类句型转换(同义句转换)应该作为我们复习训练的重点。用不同的句式表达相同的意思,它标志着一个人的外语能力水平。提高此项能力的关键是熟悉句型结构,自如运用。通过“专项训练”,积累一定数量的相关句式,达到脱口而出,信手拈来,出神入化。
基本句式的转换主要是指“肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句、祈使句、感叹句”的相互转换。句式的转换一般都有一定的规律可循,我们就是要掌握它们的变化规律,能够举一反三,见此知彼。
(一)肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句的相互转换
这三种句型的转换有共同的规律可循,有几个要点必须牢记。我们可以把各种句式归为两大类:1、含有的be动词、助动词和情态动词的句子;2、只有行为动词的句子。
第1类的句子,肯定句改为否定句时,一律在be动词、助动词和情态动词后加“not”,改为一般疑问句时,一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首(首字母大写)。肯定回答用“Yes”;否定回答用“No”。“Yes”或“No”后面的主语必须用代词,“No”后面必须用否定缩略式。如:
将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句,并做肯定、否定回答:
1. There are some computers in this school. (be动词)
There aren’t any computers in this school.
Are there any computers in this school? (Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.)
2. Li Ming’s father can drive the car. (情态动词)
Li Ming’s father can’t drive the car.
Can Li Ming’s father drive the car? (Yes, he can. / No, he can’t.)
3. She has already finished his homework now. (助动词)
She hasn’t finished his homework yet.
Has she finished his homework yet? (Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t.)
第2类句子必须借助助动词do; does; did。改为否定句,在行为动词前加don’t(一般现在时态,主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时);doesn’t(一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数时);didn’t(一般过去时态)。改为一般疑问句时,在句首加Do;Does 或Did。肯定回答用“Yes”,后面动词用 do; does或did”;否定回答用“No”,后面动词用don’t (doesn’t; didn’t)”。如:
将下列句子改为否定句、一般疑问句,并做肯定、否定回答:
1. The children like playing games.
The children don’t like playing games.
Do the children like playing games? (Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.)
2. Mary usually goes to school on foot.
Mary doesn’t usually go to school on foot. (原第三人称单数改为原形)
Does Mary usually go to school on foot? (Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.)
3. Tom went to London yesterday.
Tom didn’t go to London yesterday. (原过去式改为原形)
Did Tom go to London yesterday? (Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.)
(二)特殊疑问句的转换
把句子转换为特殊疑问句,首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”,人、物、时间、地点、数量、原因等分别用:who; whose; whom; what; when; where; why; how; how many; how much; how often; how old; how long等。 将相对应的疑问词放在句首,其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式,就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。如:
1. His licence number is 573968.
What’s your licence number?
2. Mike watches TV every evening.
What does Mike do every evening?
3. Jim studied in China last year.
Where did Jim study last year?
(三)选择疑问句、反意疑问句的转换
改为选择疑问句时,只需注意根据句子的内容用“or”连接两个并列的成分就可以了。如:
Lucy is a student, Lily is a doctor. 改为:
Who is a doctor, Lucy or Lily?
反意疑问句的结构是“陈述句 + 简短问句”,我们必须记住:“前面肯定;后面否定”和“前面否定;后面肯定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求。如:
Tom likes playing football, doesn’t he?
Xiao Hong didn’t like singing, did she?
注意:祈使句的反意疑问句,一般都用will you? Let me---打头的一般用 shall we?
(四)祈使句、感叹句的转换
改为祈使句,必须记住:肯定的祈使句,是原形动词打头,否定的祈使句是“Don’t”打头,后跟原形动词。(主语是I或 we时,句子开头用let me 或 let’s),如:
1.You should remember his telephone number. 改为:
Remember his telephone number, please.
2. You’d better not tell him the bad news. 改为:
Don’t tell him the bad news.
3. We can go there together. 改为:
Let’s go there together.
改为感叹句,必须记住,强调的是名词,句首用What,What后的名词前可以有形容词;强调的是形容词、副词,句首用How,后面必须紧跟形容词、副词,如:
The park is beautiful. 改为:
What the beautiful park!
或:How beautiful the park is!
He studies English is very hard. 改为:
How hard he studies English!
三、同义句转换试题解题方法、技巧点拨
(一)要善于运用不同的表达方式
我们都知道,一件事情有几种不同的说法,有的说法让人感到心暖如春,有的说法却使人感到冰冷如霜;有的说法听起来觉得文雅得体,有的说法让人听起来觉得粗鲁野蛮。我们写文章也是一样,不同的句子可以表达不同的效果,而如何准确、巧妙地运用不同的表达形式描述人、物、事件,正是我们需要下功夫学习的内容。
上面我们重点讨论了英语句子的基本常识,基本结构,如何正确使用句型进行谴词造句,如何使我们的语言更丰富、更精彩、更具艺术魅力,还需下一番苦功。下面三种不同形式的练习,可能会对我们有一定的帮助。
1、练习用不同的句式表达相同的内容
用不同的句式表达相同的内容,可以给人清新俊逸,耳目一新,不落俗套的感受。此类句式积累多了,可以扩大我们写作的视野,增加我们选择句型的余地,以便用最恰当的形式表达我们要表达的内容。如:问某人“出了什么事”或“怎么不舒服”,我们可以说“What’s wrong with you?”也可以说“What's the matter with you?”;说明“他经常给我打电话”,可以说“He often calls (phone; telephone) me.”,也可以说“He often rings me up.”,还可以说“He often gives me a call (ring).”。这样的表达形式,我们已学过不少,关键的是要学着运用。看看下面这些句式,你都很熟悉吗?
1. How do you like our school ? 你觉得我们学校怎么样?
What do you think of our school?
What do you like about our school?
2. What sport do you like best? 你最喜欢什么运动?
What’s your favourite report?
3. How is the weather today? 今天的天气怎么样?
What’s the weather like today?
4. It’s time to have supper. 到吃晚饭的时间了。
It’s time for supper.
5. Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the post office? 劳驾,请问到邮局怎么走?
Excuse me, which is the way to the post office, please?
Excuse me, how can I get to the post office, please?
Excuse me, where’s the post office, please?
6. What’s your name, please? 请问你叫什么名字?
May I know (have) your name?
Could you tell me what your name is?
7. I wish you a happy Mid-Autumn Day! 祝你中秋节快乐!
Best wishes to you for Mid-Autumn Day!
8. It took my uncle two hours to repair the machine. 我叔叔修那台机器用了两个小时。
My uncle spent two hours in repairing the machine.
9. I have studied Shaolin Wushu for two years. 我已学了两年少林武术了。
It’s two years since I began to study Shaolin Wushu
I studied Shaolin Wushu two years ago.
2、练习用不同的句式,表达不同的情感
有时为了表达不同的情绪、情感,需要适当变换一下句式,使语言更符合人物身份或当时的喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐、悲。最常用的是表示“客气、委婉”和“强调”。表示“委婉、客气”常可以借助“I’m afraid”、“don’t mind”、“please”I’m sorry等,如:
1. I can’t come on time.
我不能准时来。
I’m afraid I can’t come on time.
恐怕我不能准时来。(比较委婉)
2. May I use your bike?
我可以用一下你的自行车吗?
You don’t mind using your bike?
我可以用一下你的自行车吗?(更委婉)
否定句或强调句常常可以用来表示“强调”。如:
1. Remember to lock the door.
记着锁门。
Don't forget to lock the door.
别忘了锁门。(强调)
2. You should go there one foot.
你应该步行去那儿。
Why don’t you go there on foot?
你为什么不步行去那儿?(强调)
3. These flowers are quite beautiful.
这些花儿非常美。
How beautiful these flowers!
这些花儿多美啊!(强调美)
What beautiful flowers (these are)!
多美的花儿啊!(强调)
3、练习用习惯表达法,表达相同的内容
英语中有些句子是平铺直叙的,有的则借助习惯表达法使句子更具魅力,更能体现我们运用英语的水平。如:他们很累,不能再向前走了。下面三种表达都是对的,但从写作的角度来看,它们的层次是有区别的。
They are very tired, so they can not walk towards.
(两个简单句,平铺直叙)
They are so tired that they can not walk towards.
(复合句,用so---that连接,带有强调意味)
They are too tired to walk towards.
(一个简单句,用too---to连接,与上个句子意思相同)
再看下面几个句子,注意划线部分的用法。
1. Jim is clever, I am clever, too.
Both Jim and I are clever.
2. Tom has two cabbages. Mary has only one.
Tom has more cabbages than Mary.
3. We are busy. We aren’t able to go to the cinema today.
We have no time to go to the cinema today.
4. To take a big noise in the library is not polite.
It’s polite to keep (be) quiet in the library.
5. The heavy snow kept the visitors staying on top of the mountain.
The visitors were stopped from leaving the top of the mountain.
6. Tom knows much more about computer than any other students in his class.
Nobody else in our class knows so much about computer as Tom.
(二)同义句的转换解题思路
同义句转换是“句型转换”题型中的另一种类型,就是用于测试我们用不同的表达方式表达同一内容的能力,即,活用句子的能力。
同义句转换首先应清楚所给句子的句式结构,弄清楚试题填空部分与原句的对应关系,表达形式,对两个句子相同部分不需理会,全力考虑的是需要转换的部分,解题思路和要点如下:
1、读懂原句,搞清转换部分与原句的对应部分。如:
The student stood there and didn’t know what he should do next.
The student stood there and didn’t know ______ ______ do next.
本题原句意思是:那个同学站在那儿,不知下一步该做什么,下一句的两个空与上句的what he should对应,即用两个词表示上句三个词的意思,再如:
Hurry up, or we’ll miss the early train.
______ we ______ _____, we’ll miss the early train.
本题原句意为:快点,不然我们将要误早班车了,原句是祈使句,要完成的句子三个空(多了一个主语)必须表明“Hurry up,or”的意思。
2、根据所给空位,确定同义的句式和恰当的词语。
上面两个例子,第1题中know后是宾语从句,转换后的句子应为“what to(疑问词+不定式结构;第2题原句中的 “or” 是表示条件的,下一句理应改为条件状语从句:“If we don’t hurry”,再如:
Their football team is much stronger than the other two.
Their football team is ______ ______ of the ______.
本题原句是个比较级句型,而转换后的句型根据“of”的标志应是最高级句型,因为从句意上看是有二个足球队,空格处填the strongest; three,意思与原句相同。
3、对特殊结构的句型和习惯表达法要仔细斟酌。
有的句型是特殊结构或习惯表达法,这样的题一般较难,需认真思考。如:
He found the lost bike after Xiao Li arrived.
He ______ find the lost bike ______ Xiao Li arrived.
本题实际测试的是“not---until”这个特殊结构,按第2句话的空位,可填didn’t; before。虽然后者也能表达原句的意思,但不如用until结构更生动;更确切,再如:
Mr Li has been a League member for five and a half years.
Mr Li ______ ______ League five and a half years ______.
本题重点测试的是“参加,加入”的表达方法。“加入共青团”可用 “have been a League member”,也可用“joined the League”,它们的不同点是:前者用于现在完成时,常与for引导的一段时间状语连用;后者是短暂性动词,不能与for引导的一段时间状语连用,要用过去时,时间副词用ago,而不能用before。
(三)同义句转换的两种主要方法
用不同的句式表达相同的意思,是一个人能否活用英语句型的能力体现。同义句大多数情况下是通过改变单词、词组或句式结构而实现的。
1、换单词、词组
换单词、词组的原则是:所换的单词或词组必须与原句对应的单词或词组意义相同或相近,换完后两个句子的意思必须基本相同。要特别注意转换后的句子中个别其它词的些微变化。如:
1. Willy didn’t bring out the new coat until the boss made a phone call to Lily.
Willy didn’t bring out the new coat ______ the boss made a phone call to Lily.
句子转换后空白处的单词应与上句的“until”对应,这里填入“before”全句与上句意思接近。
2. There’s nobody but a passenger in the bus.
There’s _________ one passenger in the bus.
本题下句只是把“a”换成了“one”,而要求是把“nobody but”换成一个词,使两个句子意思基本相同。“nobody but”意思是“除了------外,没有人”,符合此意的单词,只有填“only”。
3. Tom was feeling unhappy in the past months.
Tom ______ ______ happy in the past months.
注意:此题转换后的句子中,“unhappy”改成了“happy”,其它词和句子结构、词的数量都没有变化。“un”是否定前缀,原句谓语动词形式是肯定的,转换后应改为否定形式的“wasn’t feeling”。
4. Look at the dark cloud. It looks like rain.
Look at the dark cloud. It ______ ______ ______ rain.
本题转换只需把两个词的“looks like”换为三个词,且意思不变即可。如果填写“is going to”,意思恰好与It looks like rain.接近。
2、换句式结构
通过改变句式结构转换句型与什么的换单词、词组要复杂一些。要求我们必须对各种句型记忆和运用纯熟,通过所给句子的框架,找出对应的句型。做这类题必须善于动用联想和发散思维,善于发现两个句子之间的有机联系。如:
1. He didn’t do well in the exam, I think.
I ______ ______ he ______ well in the exam.
根据两个句子结构,我们应该能想到“think”否定前移的用法。即,think后的宾语从句如果是否定形式时,否定形式应在主句,应填入“don’t think”和“did”。注意主语和从句的时态形式。
2. The match was too late. They were all tired this morning.
The football match was ______ late ______ they were all tired this morning.
本题是转换实际上是把两个简单句改为一个复合句。根据两个句子内容的关系(因果)和句式结构,以及有关的状语从句知识,我们应该能想到“so---that”是用于表示“因果关系”的,并顺利地填入“so”和“that”。
3. This bicycle is not as new as that one.
That bicycle is ______ ______ this one.
本题上句是个否定的“as---as”句型。仔细观察一下,下面的句子“this”和“that”颠倒了位置,并要求把“not as new as”换成两个词。思考:转换后的句子仍然是二者的比较。“as---as”用于二者同级比较,“more than”是用于二者比较的句式。填写“newer than”,两个句子意思就相同了。
4. You can only choose one out of the two.
Please take ______ this one ______ that one.
这个小题的两个句子明显是两个不同的句式。前一个句子的意思是“你只能从两个中选取一个。”第二个小题从句式结构上看,是要求填写两个连接词。联想到我们学过的并列连词:both---and; either---or; neither---nor; not only---but also等,用哪一个能准确表达什么句子的意思呢?当然是“either---or”。
由此可见,用不同的句式表达相同的意思首要的一点是熟悉各种句式,清楚结构不同但意思基本相同的句式之间的联系。我们都知道,语言是灵活多变的,同样的内容可以有多种不同的表达方式,虽然竞赛试题的“句型转换”是一对一的,但是我们平时学习时应尽可能多地掌握常用的句式,并灵活地使用它们,逐步达到运用自如。
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第1个回答 2019-08-30
My
name
is
XXX,
I
m
a
girl
that
has
a
lot
of
hobbies,
including
reading,
drawing,
and
playing
badminton.
I
usually
woke
up
very
early
in
the
morning,
because
making
breakfast
is
also
one
of
my
hobbies.
I
love
making
breakfast
to
my
family,
since
this
gives
me
a
feeling
of
warmness.
When
I
come
back
from
school,
homework
is
the
first
thing
I
will
do.
Then
is
my
hobby
time,
I
usually
go
out
with
my
friends
and
plays
badminton;
after
that,
if
I
have
time
I
might
read
a
book.
我的名字叫XXX,
我是一个有很多业余爱好的女孩,
当中包括读书,
画画,
还有打羽毛球.
我平常都很早起来,
因为做早晨也是我的爱好之一.
我很喜欢给家人做早晨,
因为为他们做早晨我觉得很温暖.
放学后,
功课是我会做的第一样东西.
之后就是我的业余时间,
我平常都是跟朋友出去打打羽毛球;
然后,
如果有时间我可能会读书.
name
is
XXX,
I
m
a
girl
that
has
a
lot
of
hobbies,
including
reading,
drawing,
and
playing
badminton.
I
usually
woke
up
very
early
in
the
morning,
because
making
breakfast
is
also
one
of
my
hobbies.
I
love
making
breakfast
to
my
family,
since
this
gives
me
a
feeling
of
warmness.
When
I
come
back
from
school,
homework
is
the
first
thing
I
will
do.
Then
is
my
hobby
time,
I
usually
go
out
with
my
friends
and
plays
badminton;
after
that,
if
I
have
time
I
might
read
a
book.
我的名字叫XXX,
我是一个有很多业余爱好的女孩,
当中包括读书,
画画,
还有打羽毛球.
我平常都很早起来,
因为做早晨也是我的爱好之一.
我很喜欢给家人做早晨,
因为为他们做早晨我觉得很温暖.
放学后,
功课是我会做的第一样东西.
之后就是我的业余时间,
我平常都是跟朋友出去打打羽毛球;
然后,
如果有时间我可能会读书.
第2个回答 2019-11-22
post
第3个回答 2019-11-01
post
邮寄
邮寄
第4个回答 2020-01-13
post当然是它
第5个回答 2020-03-14
water
is
part
of
our
everyday
life,
human
can
not
live
without
water.
However,
as
the
water
wasting
issue
in
the
world,
especially
in
mordern
cities,
keeps
growing
biger
and
biger,
we
have
to
do
something
about
it
before
it's
getting
any
worse,
because
our
water
is
our
future!
All
cities
produce
great
quantities
of
waste
water
which
can
be,
and
should
be
reused,
otherwise,
it
will
continue
reducing
our
drinking
water,
until
the
last
drop
of
water
becomes
our
tear.
that
is
why
this
issue
needs
our
attention,
and
needs
to
be
dealt
ASAP!
here
are
some
water
saving
tips
that
we
can
apply,
no
matter
where
we
are,
and
where
we
live:
1.Take
shorter
showers.
2.
Turn
off
the
tap
when
brushing
your
teeth.
3.
When
waiting
for
running
water
to
warm
up
in
the
kitchen
or
bathroom
collect
it
and
put
it
in
the
fridge
or
use
it
to
water
the
plants.
4.
Only
wash
your
clothes
when
you
have
a
full
load.
5.
Fix
any
dripping
taps
or
leaking
toilet
cisterns.
6.
Remember
this
all
the
time:
our
water,
our
future!
PS:
貌似有点长了,不过这是一篇完整的文章,可以裁的短些,但是好像那样的话就缺胳膊少腿了~~
另外,请放心使用,网上绝对不会有跟这个一模一样的文章,我都修改过了,只有某些句子是摘抄的而已,但文章绝对是出自于我手的~~
^o^
就是不知道你是几年级,这个会不会有些太肤浅了.
is
part
of
our
everyday
life,
human
can
not
live
without
water.
However,
as
the
water
wasting
issue
in
the
world,
especially
in
mordern
cities,
keeps
growing
biger
and
biger,
we
have
to
do
something
about
it
before
it's
getting
any
worse,
because
our
water
is
our
future!
All
cities
produce
great
quantities
of
waste
water
which
can
be,
and
should
be
reused,
otherwise,
it
will
continue
reducing
our
drinking
water,
until
the
last
drop
of
water
becomes
our
tear.
that
is
why
this
issue
needs
our
attention,
and
needs
to
be
dealt
ASAP!
here
are
some
water
saving
tips
that
we
can
apply,
no
matter
where
we
are,
and
where
we
live:
1.Take
shorter
showers.
2.
Turn
off
the
tap
when
brushing
your
teeth.
3.
When
waiting
for
running
water
to
warm
up
in
the
kitchen
or
bathroom
collect
it
and
put
it
in
the
fridge
or
use
it
to
water
the
plants.
4.
Only
wash
your
clothes
when
you
have
a
full
load.
5.
Fix
any
dripping
taps
or
leaking
toilet
cisterns.
6.
Remember
this
all
the
time:
our
water,
our
future!
PS:
貌似有点长了,不过这是一篇完整的文章,可以裁的短些,但是好像那样的话就缺胳膊少腿了~~
另外,请放心使用,网上绝对不会有跟这个一模一样的文章,我都修改过了,只有某些句子是摘抄的而已,但文章绝对是出自于我手的~~
^o^
就是不知道你是几年级,这个会不会有些太肤浅了.