如题所述
第1个回答 2024-03-01
1. Total cholesterol (TC) represents the total cholesterol in the serum, with the symbol T-CH0 sometimes used as an alternative.
2. Triglycerides (TG) stand for triglycerides in the blood.
3. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) indicates high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
4. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) denotes low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
5. Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c) symbolizes very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
6. Apolipoprotein A1 (Ap0A1) represents apolipoprotein A1.
7. Apolipoprotein B (Ap0B) signifies apolipoprotein B.
Blood lipid profile: Blood plasma contains various lipids collectively referred to as blood lipids. Although blood plasma lipids account for only a small fraction of the total body lipids, both exogenous and endogenous lipid substances must be transported through the blood to various tissues. Therefore, blood lipid levels can reflect the status of lipid metabolism in the body. After consuming a high-fat diet, blood lipid levels can significantly rise, but this is transient and usually normalizes within 3 to 6 hours. Blood lipid testing often involves drawing blood 12 to 14 hours after a meal to more reliably reflect the true lipid levels. Since increased levels of blood cholesterol and triglycerides are associated with the development of atherosclerosis, these two are key focuses in lipid testing.
Classification introduction:
(1) Cholesterol (abbreviated as Ch), accounting for about one-third of the total plasma lipids, exists in two forms: free cholesterol and cholesterol esters. Free cholesterol makes up about one-third, while the remaining two-thirds are esterified with long-chain fatty acids to form cholesterol esters.
(2) Triglycerides, also known as neutral fats (abbreviated as TG), account for about one-quarter of the total plasma lipids.
(3) Phospholipids (abbreviated as PL) account for about one-third of the total plasma lipids and mainly include lecithin, cerebroside, serine phosphatide, and nervon phosphatide, with lecithin accounting for 70% to 80%.
(4) Free fatty acids (abbreviated FFA), also known as non-esterified fatty acids, make up about 5% to 10% of the total plasma lipids and serve as the primary source of energy for the body.
Lipids themselves are insoluble in water; they must bind to proteins to form lipoproteins, which exist in a dissolved form in the plasma and are transported via the bloodstream to various parts of the body. Normally, ultracentrifugation can separate plasma lipoproteins into chylomicrons (CM), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL)四种. Zone electrophoresis can also categorize plasma lipoproteins into CM, pre-β (Pre-β), β, and α lipoproteins四种. The protein-to-lipid content (in weight%) in various lipoproteins of the plasma is as follows:
2. Triglycerides (TG) stand for triglycerides in the blood.
3. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) indicates high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
4. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) denotes low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
5. Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c) symbolizes very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
6. Apolipoprotein A1 (Ap0A1) represents apolipoprotein A1.
7. Apolipoprotein B (Ap0B) signifies apolipoprotein B.
Blood lipid profile: Blood plasma contains various lipids collectively referred to as blood lipids. Although blood plasma lipids account for only a small fraction of the total body lipids, both exogenous and endogenous lipid substances must be transported through the blood to various tissues. Therefore, blood lipid levels can reflect the status of lipid metabolism in the body. After consuming a high-fat diet, blood lipid levels can significantly rise, but this is transient and usually normalizes within 3 to 6 hours. Blood lipid testing often involves drawing blood 12 to 14 hours after a meal to more reliably reflect the true lipid levels. Since increased levels of blood cholesterol and triglycerides are associated with the development of atherosclerosis, these two are key focuses in lipid testing.
Classification introduction:
(1) Cholesterol (abbreviated as Ch), accounting for about one-third of the total plasma lipids, exists in two forms: free cholesterol and cholesterol esters. Free cholesterol makes up about one-third, while the remaining two-thirds are esterified with long-chain fatty acids to form cholesterol esters.
(2) Triglycerides, also known as neutral fats (abbreviated as TG), account for about one-quarter of the total plasma lipids.
(3) Phospholipids (abbreviated as PL) account for about one-third of the total plasma lipids and mainly include lecithin, cerebroside, serine phosphatide, and nervon phosphatide, with lecithin accounting for 70% to 80%.
(4) Free fatty acids (abbreviated FFA), also known as non-esterified fatty acids, make up about 5% to 10% of the total plasma lipids and serve as the primary source of energy for the body.
Lipids themselves are insoluble in water; they must bind to proteins to form lipoproteins, which exist in a dissolved form in the plasma and are transported via the bloodstream to various parts of the body. Normally, ultracentrifugation can separate plasma lipoproteins into chylomicrons (CM), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL)四种. Zone electrophoresis can also categorize plasma lipoproteins into CM, pre-β (Pre-β), β, and α lipoproteins四种. The protein-to-lipid content (in weight%) in various lipoproteins of the plasma is as follows:
