马斯洛的需求层次理论，在一定程度上反映了人类行为和心理活动的共同规律。马斯洛从人的需要出发探索人的激励和研究人的行为，抓住了问题的关键；马斯洛指出了人的需要是由低级向高级不断发展的，这一趋势基本上符合需要发展规律的。因此，需要层次理论对企业管理者如何有效的调动人的积极性有启发作用。
马斯洛理论把需求分成生理需求、安全需求、社交需求、尊重需求和自我实现需求五类，依次由较低层次到较高层次。
一个人首先需要生理上的需要。这是人类维持自身生存的最基本要求，包括对以下事物的需求：食物、水、空气。如果这些需要得不到满足，人类个人的生理机能就无法正常运转。换而言之，人类的生命就会因此受到威胁。在这个意义上说，生理需要是推动人们行动最首要的动力。比如普通的做体力活的工人，他们只满足于温饱足够了。
满足了生理需要，就要考虑安全需要。安全需求包括对人身安全、生活稳定以及免遭痛苦、威胁或疾病等的需求。和生理需求一样，在安全需求没有得到满足之前，人们唯一关心的就是这种需求。比如对许多员工而言，安全需求表现为安全而稳定以及有医疗保险、失业保险和退休福利等。还有，我们买各种保险也是为了满足安全需要。
当生理需求和安全需求得到满足后，社交需求就会突出出来，社交需求包括对友谊、爱情以及隶属关系的需求。人人都需要伙伴之间、同事之间的关系融洽或保持友谊和忠诚；人人都希望得到爱情，希望爱别人，也渴望接受别人的爱。另外人都有一种归属于一个群体的感情，希望成为群体中的一员，并相互关心和照顾。如一些社交活动，交到各个领域的朋友，这样可以帮助自己得到更好的发展。
当一个人的社交圈足够大后，便会对尊重有所需要。尊重需求既包括对成就或自我价值的个人感觉，也包括他人对自己的认可与尊重。有尊重需求的人希望别人按照他们的实际形象来接受他们，并认为他们有能力，能胜任工作。他们关心的是成就、名声、地位和晋升机会。比如，在激励员工时应特别注意有尊重需求的管理人员，应采取公开奖励和表扬的方式。布置工作要特别强调工作的艰巨性以及成功所需要的高超技巧等。颁发荣誉奖章、在公司的刊物上发表表扬文章、公布优秀员工光荣榜等用段都可以提高人们对自己工作的自豪感。
最后是自我实现的需要。自我实现需求的目标是自我实现，或是发挥潜能。达到自我实现境界的人。马斯洛提出，为满足自我实现需要所采取的途径是因人而异的。自我实现的需要是在努力实现自己的潜力，使自己越来越成为自己所期望的人物。例如，为了使工作有意义，强调自我实现的管理者，会在设计工作时考虑运用适应复杂情况的策略，会给身怀绝技的人委派特别任务以施展才华，或者在设计工作程序和制定执行计划时为员工群体留有余地。
希望能手工，我只有那么多分。。谢谢那
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, to a certain extent, reflect the human behavior and mental activities, the common law. From the human needs of Maslow's motivation to explore and study of human behavior, captured the crux of the matter; Maslow pointed out that the man's needs are met by the continuous development of low-level to senior, and this trend is basically in line with the need to develop laws. Therefore, the hierarchy of needs theory to business managers how to effectively mobilize the enthusiasm of people have rung a bell.
Maslow's theory of the demand is divided into physiological needs, security needs, social needs, to respect the needs and self-actualization needs of five, followed by a lower level to a higher level.
A person first need to physiological needs. This is the survival of human beings to maintain the most basic requirements, including requirements for the following things: food, water, air. If these needs are not met, the physiology of the human person can not operate normally. In other words, human life would be so threatened. In this sense, the physical needs first and foremost is to promote the movement of people power. Such as ordinary workers doing manual labor, they just be satisfied with sufficient food and clothing.
Meet the physical needs, we must consider the security needs. Security requirements, including physical security, life and stability and freedom from suffering, threats or disease needs. And physiological needs, as in before the security needs are not being met, there only concern is that this demand. For example for many workers, the security needs for security and stable performance as well as medical insurance, unemployment insurance and retirement benefits. Also, we buy all kinds of insurance, but also to meet the security needs.
When the physiological needs and security needs have been met, the social demand will stand out, and social needs include friendship, love and affiliation needs. Everyone needs partners, colleagues, or maintain a harmonious relationship between the friendship and loyalty; everyone wants love, hope the love of others, is also eager to accept other people's love. Other people have a vested in a group of feelings, hopes to become a member of the group, and the mutual concern and care. For example, some social activities and make new friends in various fields, so that can help themselves get better development.
When a person's social circle is large enough, it will be the need to respect. Respect for the needs of both pairs of achievement or sense of self-worth individuals, but also other people's recognition and respect for their own. To respect the needs of people who want others to follow their real image to accept them and think they have the ability, can competently. They care about achievements, reputation, status and promotion prospects. For example, should pay special attention to motivate staff to respect the needs of management personnel, rewards and recognition should be taken to a public way. Layout work should be special emphasis on the difficulty of the required skilled and successful techniques.
Medal of Honor awarded in recognition of the company's publications published articles announcing the honor roll and other outstanding staff can raise awareness with the segment of their pride in their work.
Finally, self-actualization needs. The goal of self-actualization needs of self-realization, or their potential. Realm of people to achieve self-realization. Maslow proposed that in order to meet the needs of self-realization approach is taken to vary the. Self-actualization needs are in the efforts to achieve their potential, so that he is increasingly making itself the desired figure. For example, in order to make work meaningful, emphasizing self-fulfillment manager, will take into account in the design work, the use of strategies to adapt to complex situations, give great talent who commissioned a special task to develop their talent,
Or in the design process and develop an implementation plan for the employee groups, leave room.
Maslow's theory of the demand is divided into physiological needs, security needs, social needs, to respect the needs and self-actualization needs of five, followed by a lower level to a higher level.
A person first need to physiological needs. This is the survival of human beings to maintain the most basic requirements, including requirements for the following things: food, water, air. If these needs are not met, the physiology of the human person can not operate normally. In other words, human life would be so threatened. In this sense, the physical needs first and foremost is to promote the movement of people power. Such as ordinary workers doing manual labor, they just be satisfied with sufficient food and clothing.
Meet the physical needs, we must consider the security needs. Security requirements, including physical security, life and stability and freedom from suffering, threats or disease needs. And physiological needs, as in before the security needs are not being met, there only concern is that this demand. For example for many workers, the security needs for security and stable performance as well as medical insurance, unemployment insurance and retirement benefits. Also, we buy all kinds of insurance, but also to meet the security needs.
When the physiological needs and security needs have been met, the social demand will stand out, and social needs include friendship, love and affiliation needs. Everyone needs partners, colleagues, or maintain a harmonious relationship between the friendship and loyalty; everyone wants love, hope the love of others, is also eager to accept other people's love. Other people have a vested in a group of feelings, hopes to become a member of the group, and the mutual concern and care. For example, some social activities and make new friends in various fields, so that can help themselves get better development.
When a person's social circle is large enough, it will be the need to respect. Respect for the needs of both pairs of achievement or sense of self-worth individuals, but also other people's recognition and respect for their own. To respect the needs of people who want others to follow their real image to accept them and think they have the ability, can competently. They care about achievements, reputation, status and promotion prospects. For example, should pay special attention to motivate staff to respect the needs of management personnel, rewards and recognition should be taken to a public way. Layout work should be special emphasis on the difficulty of the required skilled and successful techniques.
Medal of Honor awarded in recognition of the company's publications published articles announcing the honor roll and other outstanding staff can raise awareness with the segment of their pride in their work.
Finally, self-actualization needs. The goal of self-actualization needs of self-realization, or their potential. Realm of people to achieve self-realization. Maslow proposed that in order to meet the needs of self-realization approach is taken to vary the. Self-actualization needs are in the efforts to achieve their potential, so that he is increasingly making itself the desired figure. For example, in order to make work meaningful, emphasizing self-fulfillment manager, will take into account in the design work, the use of strategies to adapt to complex situations, give great talent who commissioned a special task to develop their talent,
Or in the design process and develop an implementation plan for the employee groups, leave room.
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第1个回答 2010-01-05
Maslow's hierarchy theory of needs in a certain extent, reflects human behavior and mental activities of common law. Starting from the people's needs maslow's exploration of human behavior, and the key problems caught, Maslow's needs are pointed out to develop continuously, this trend basically accord with law of development needs. Therefore, the hierarchy theory of needs of enterprise managers to effectively arouse people's enthusiasm has inspired.
Maslow's theory, the physiological needs, safety requirements into social needs, requirements, self realization needs and demands respect by five categories, low level to a higher level.
One of the first to physiological needs. This is the most human maintain their survival on the basic requirements, including the following things: food, water and air. If these need not satisfy human physiological functions, the individual is not normal operation. In short, the human life would be so threatened. In this sense, the physiological needs is the first people to action. Such as ordinary workers do manual work, they only satisfies in food enough.
Meet the physiological needs, will consider security needs. Safety requirements for safety, including stable life and freedom from pain, threat or disease needs. And physiological needs, in safety requirements are not satisfied, people only concern is the demand. As for many employees, safety requirements for safety and stability and have medical insurance, unemployment insurance and retirement benefits, etc. Also, we are buying insurance is to meet safety requirements.
When the physiological requirements and security needs unmet needs, will highlight social, social demand for friendship, love, and includes the subordinate relationship needs. Everyone needs partners, between the harmonious relationship between the colleague or maintain friendship and loyalty, Everyone wants to find love, hope, and love others to accept love from others. Other people have a kind of belonging to a group of feelings, hopes to become a member of the group, and mutual concern and care. Some social activities and make friends in various fields, so we can help themselves better development.
When a person is big enough, the circle will respect the need. Respect the demand for both the individual achievements or self value sense, also including others of their recognition and respect. Have respect for the needs of their people hope others according to actual image to accept them, and that they have the ability to work. Their concern is success and fame, status and promotion opportunity. For example, in motivating employee should pay special attention to have respect for the needs and public management personnel should adopt the mode of reward and recognition. Decorate work should emphasize the difficulty of the work and the skill needed to succeed. Awarded honor at the company, the articles published in the journal published excellent employees, praised by all honor roll etc for your job can improve people's pride.
Finally the need. The goal is to self realization needs self realization, or potential. Achieve self-fulfillment realm. Maslow, to meet the needs of self realization ways to differ. The need is in efforts to achieve their potential, make oneself become their expectations. For example, in order to make the working sense, stressed self realization of managers in design work, consider using adaptive complex situation will give special skills and strategies of special task assigned by talent, or in the design work procedures and formulate plans for employees when onservative group.
qq:918784729
Maslow's theory, the physiological needs, safety requirements into social needs, requirements, self realization needs and demands respect by five categories, low level to a higher level.
One of the first to physiological needs. This is the most human maintain their survival on the basic requirements, including the following things: food, water and air. If these need not satisfy human physiological functions, the individual is not normal operation. In short, the human life would be so threatened. In this sense, the physiological needs is the first people to action. Such as ordinary workers do manual work, they only satisfies in food enough.
Meet the physiological needs, will consider security needs. Safety requirements for safety, including stable life and freedom from pain, threat or disease needs. And physiological needs, in safety requirements are not satisfied, people only concern is the demand. As for many employees, safety requirements for safety and stability and have medical insurance, unemployment insurance and retirement benefits, etc. Also, we are buying insurance is to meet safety requirements.
When the physiological requirements and security needs unmet needs, will highlight social, social demand for friendship, love, and includes the subordinate relationship needs. Everyone needs partners, between the harmonious relationship between the colleague or maintain friendship and loyalty, Everyone wants to find love, hope, and love others to accept love from others. Other people have a kind of belonging to a group of feelings, hopes to become a member of the group, and mutual concern and care. Some social activities and make friends in various fields, so we can help themselves better development.
When a person is big enough, the circle will respect the need. Respect the demand for both the individual achievements or self value sense, also including others of their recognition and respect. Have respect for the needs of their people hope others according to actual image to accept them, and that they have the ability to work. Their concern is success and fame, status and promotion opportunity. For example, in motivating employee should pay special attention to have respect for the needs and public management personnel should adopt the mode of reward and recognition. Decorate work should emphasize the difficulty of the work and the skill needed to succeed. Awarded honor at the company, the articles published in the journal published excellent employees, praised by all honor roll etc for your job can improve people's pride.
Finally the need. The goal is to self realization needs self realization, or potential. Achieve self-fulfillment realm. Maslow, to meet the needs of self realization ways to differ. The need is in efforts to achieve their potential, make oneself become their expectations. For example, in order to make the working sense, stressed self realization of managers in design work, consider using adaptive complex situation will give special skills and strategies of special task assigned by talent, or in the design work procedures and formulate plans for employees when onservative group.
qq:918784729
第2个回答 2010-01-06
不会有人为了30分给你翻译这么多的本回答被提问者采纳
