请教一下英语形容词比较最高级语法知识
1) 规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。例如:
He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。
2)当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式:as +形容词+ a +单数名词/ as + many/much +名词。例如:
This is as good an example as the other is. 这个例子和另外一个一样好。
I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸,我也能。
3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。例如:
This room is twice as big as that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。
Your room is the same size as mine. 你的房间和我的一样大。
4)倍数+ as + adj. + as <=> 倍数+ the … + of。例如:
This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。
This bridge is three times the length of that one.
Your room is twice as large as mine. 你的房间是我的两倍大。
Your room is twice the size of mine.
4.9 比较级形容词或副词 + than 。例如:
You are taller than I. 你比我高。
They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.你房间的那些灯比我房间里的亮。
注意:
1)要避免重复使用比较级。
(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.
(对) He is more clever than his brother.
(对) He is clever than his brother.
2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
(错) China is larger than any country in Asia.
(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
4)要注意定冠词在比较级中的使用。
比较:Which is larger, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.
She is the taller of the two sisters.
4.10 可修饰比较级的词
1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。
2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
3)以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
典型例题:
1)---- Are you feeling ____?
---- Yes,I'm fine now.
A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better
答案:B. any 可修饰比较级,quite修饰原级,well的比较级为better.
2)The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.
A. more B. much more C. much D. more much
答案:C. much可修饰比较级,因此B,C都说得通,但easier本身已是比较级,不需more,因此C为正确答案。
3)If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
答案:D。
4.11 many, old 和 far
1) 如果后接名词时,much more +不可数名词,many more +可数名词复数。
2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。例如:
My elder brother is an engineer. 我哥哥是个工程师。
Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 玛丽是三姐妹中最大的。
3) far 有两种比较级,farther,further。一般father 表示距离,further表示进一步。例如:
I have nothing further to say. 我没什么要说了。
4.12 the + 最高级 + 比较范围
1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。例如:
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。例如:
It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 这是个很重要的问题。
注意:使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2) 下列词可修饰最高级,by far, far, much, mostly, almost。例如:
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 这帽子差不多是最大的了。
注意:
a. very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。
This is the very best.
This is much the best.
b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如:
Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。
3) 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如:
Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 马克是班上最聪明的。
Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
4) "否定词语+比较级","否定词语+ so… as"结构也可以表示最高级含义。例如:
Nothing is so easy as this. 没比这更简单的了。
=Nothing is easier than this.
=This is the easiest thing.
.13 和more有关的词组,
1) the more…the more… 越……就越……。例如:
The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make. 越努力,进步越大。
2) more B than A=less A than B 与其说A不如说B。例如:
He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 他工作时,与其说是反应慢不如说是懒。
3) no more… than… 与……一样……,不比……多。例如:
The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。
no less… than… 与……一样……。例如:
He is no less diligent than you. 他和你一样勤勉。
4) more than 不只是,非常。例如:
She is more than kind to us all. 她对我们非常热心。
典型例题
1)The weather in China is different from____.
A. in America B. one in America C. America
D. that in America
答案:D. 本题意为"中国的天气比美国热。"比较的是天气而不是国家,C不能选。A没有名词,后句成分不全,排除。B和D中,B中的one常用来代替可数名词,而that可车以代替不可数或抽象名词,所以选D。
2)After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
答案C. 此句意为"这个厂1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍"。表示倍数用"倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象"的句型。所以此句答案为C。
单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。例如:
He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。
2)当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式:as +形容词+ a +单数名词/ as + many/much +名词。例如:
This is as good an example as the other is. 这个例子和另外一个一样好。
I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸,我也能。
3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面。例如:
This room is twice as big as that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。
Your room is the same size as mine. 你的房间和我的一样大。
4)倍数+ as + adj. + as <=> 倍数+ the … + of。例如:
This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。
This bridge is three times the length of that one.
Your room is twice as large as mine. 你的房间是我的两倍大。
Your room is twice the size of mine.
4.9 比较级形容词或副词 + than 。例如:
You are taller than I. 你比我高。
They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.你房间的那些灯比我房间里的亮。
注意:
1)要避免重复使用比较级。
(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.
(对) He is more clever than his brother.
(对) He is clever than his brother.
2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
(错) China is larger than any country in Asia.
(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
4)要注意定冠词在比较级中的使用。
比较:Which is larger, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.
She is the taller of the two sisters.
4.10 可修饰比较级的词
1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。
2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
3)以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
典型例题:
1)---- Are you feeling ____?
---- Yes,I'm fine now.
A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better
答案:B. any 可修饰比较级,quite修饰原级,well的比较级为better.
2)The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.
A. more B. much more C. much D. more much
答案:C. much可修饰比较级,因此B,C都说得通,但easier本身已是比较级,不需more,因此C为正确答案。
3)If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
答案:D。
4.11 many, old 和 far
1) 如果后接名词时,much more +不可数名词,many more +可数名词复数。
2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。例如:
My elder brother is an engineer. 我哥哥是个工程师。
Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 玛丽是三姐妹中最大的。
3) far 有两种比较级,farther,further。一般father 表示距离,further表示进一步。例如:
I have nothing further to say. 我没什么要说了。
4.12 the + 最高级 + 比较范围
1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。例如:
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。例如:
It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 这是个很重要的问题。
注意:使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2) 下列词可修饰最高级,by far, far, much, mostly, almost。例如:
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 这帽子差不多是最大的了。
注意:
a. very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。
This is the very best.
This is much the best.
b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如:
Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。
3) 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如:
Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 马克是班上最聪明的。
Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
4) "否定词语+比较级","否定词语+ so… as"结构也可以表示最高级含义。例如:
Nothing is so easy as this. 没比这更简单的了。
=Nothing is easier than this.
=This is the easiest thing.
.13 和more有关的词组,
1) the more…the more… 越……就越……。例如:
The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make. 越努力,进步越大。
2) more B than A=less A than B 与其说A不如说B。例如:
He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 他工作时,与其说是反应慢不如说是懒。
3) no more… than… 与……一样……,不比……多。例如:
The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。
no less… than… 与……一样……。例如:
He is no less diligent than you. 他和你一样勤勉。
4) more than 不只是,非常。例如:
She is more than kind to us all. 她对我们非常热心。
典型例题
1)The weather in China is different from____.
A. in America B. one in America C. America
D. that in America
答案:D. 本题意为"中国的天气比美国热。"比较的是天气而不是国家,C不能选。A没有名词,后句成分不全,排除。B和D中,B中的one常用来代替可数名词,而that可车以代替不可数或抽象名词,所以选D。
2)After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
答案C. 此句意为"这个厂1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍"。表示倍数用"倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象"的句型。所以此句答案为C。
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第1个回答 2010-02-16
是形容词的比较级和最高级吧,好 很简单。仔细看
形容词比较级和最高级的变化只有两点;首先
第一,规则变化
1)在形容词尾加er(比较级)或est(最高级),当然以e结尾的只用加r(比较级)或st(最高级).
2)重读闭音节(音标中只有一个是元音且从后往前数是辅音,元音,辅音的结构)的形容词,要双写最后一个字母,再加er或est.
3)以辅音字母y结尾,把y变i再加er或est.
4)以双元音或多音节单词构成,在前加more(比较级)或most(最高级)。
第二,不规则变化
比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/ill worse worst
many/much more most
few/little lease least
之后,就是形容词的用法分两种
第一种比较级用法
1)原级比较
基本句型;肯定句:A+谓语+as+形容词原级+as+B(A和B……)
否定句:A+谓语+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B(A不如B……)
2)比较级
A+谓语+形容词比较级+than+B(A比B……)/比较级+and+比较级用来强调
第二种最高级用法
规定;1)适用于三者或三者以上的人或物
2)适用于一个范围之内此时用of,in引导每个范围
构成;A+谓语+the+形容词最高级+in/of+范围
好了,语法就这些但还需要自己举些例句。(别忘复习)本回答被提问者采纳
形容词比较级和最高级的变化只有两点;首先
第一,规则变化
1)在形容词尾加er(比较级)或est(最高级),当然以e结尾的只用加r(比较级)或st(最高级).
2)重读闭音节(音标中只有一个是元音且从后往前数是辅音,元音,辅音的结构)的形容词,要双写最后一个字母,再加er或est.
3)以辅音字母y结尾,把y变i再加er或est.
4)以双元音或多音节单词构成,在前加more(比较级)或most(最高级)。
第二,不规则变化
比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/ill worse worst
many/much more most
few/little lease least
之后,就是形容词的用法分两种
第一种比较级用法
1)原级比较
基本句型;肯定句:A+谓语+as+形容词原级+as+B(A和B……)
否定句:A+谓语+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B(A不如B……)
2)比较级
A+谓语+形容词比较级+than+B(A比B……)/比较级+and+比较级用来强调
第二种最高级用法
规定;1)适用于三者或三者以上的人或物
2)适用于一个范围之内此时用of,in引导每个范围
构成;A+谓语+the+形容词最高级+in/of+范围
好了,语法就这些但还需要自己举些例句。(别忘复习)本回答被提问者采纳
第2个回答 2010-02-18
对于短音节形容词(即1或2音节),例如high,big,small等,通常变比较级时加末尾加er,变最高级时末尾加est即可,若以y结尾,例如happy,去y加est,而三音节词汇,例如beautiful,exciting等,变比较级时,前面加more,最高级时,前面加the most.
另外,也有一些特殊情况,例如:good,比较极为better,最高级为the best
另外,也有一些特殊情况,例如:good,比较极为better,最高级为the best