如题所述
1.语法作用不同
过去分词作定语时,分词相当于一个形容词,是定语的一种形式
被动语态是谓语的一种形式
2.表达的意义相同,都是表示被动
3.可以把过去分词作定语看成是定语从句省略了主语和系词
例如:
The tasty(美味) fruit doesn't come from a seed(种子)but from a root(根)____(plant) deep in the ground. [填planted]
例子中,可以把planted 看做 (that is) planted
I have a friend (who is) called Tom.
过去分词做后置定语,和被动语态分不开
助动词be+(及物动词)过去分词构成动词被动语态的形式,助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样.如
This kind of TV set is made in Nanjing.(一般现在时)
这种电视是南京制造的
The thief was arrested(一般过去式)
小偷被抓住了
而动词过去分词做后置定语是跟在动词后面的,没有助动词,如
a girl named Mary
被动语态与主动语态区别
英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.如:
Many people speak English.(主动语态)
English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)
1.被动语态的构成
由于不及物动词不能带宾语,故无被动语态,只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态,其基本构成方式是“助动词be+过去分词”.
注意:“be+过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态,有些动词(如 be,feel,look,seem等)后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,用作表语表示状态.如:
My bike is broken.(我的自行车坏了.)
The door is open.(门开了.)
2.主动语态改被动语态的方法
1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面:①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语,放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略).
2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况:①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语,直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语,此时,间接宾语前要加介词to或 for.如:
He gave the boy an apple.→The boy was given an apple.(或An apple was given to the boy.)
Her father bought her a present.→She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.)
过去分词作定语时,分词相当于一个形容词,是定语的一种形式
被动语态是谓语的一种形式
2.表达的意义相同,都是表示被动
3.可以把过去分词作定语看成是定语从句省略了主语和系词
例如:
The tasty(美味) fruit doesn't come from a seed(种子)but from a root(根)____(plant) deep in the ground. [填planted]
例子中,可以把planted 看做 (that is) planted
I have a friend (who is) called Tom.
过去分词做后置定语,和被动语态分不开
助动词be+(及物动词)过去分词构成动词被动语态的形式,助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样.如
This kind of TV set is made in Nanjing.(一般现在时)
这种电视是南京制造的
The thief was arrested(一般过去式)
小偷被抓住了
而动词过去分词做后置定语是跟在动词后面的,没有助动词,如
a girl named Mary
被动语态与主动语态区别
英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.如:
Many people speak English.(主动语态)
English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)
1.被动语态的构成
由于不及物动词不能带宾语,故无被动语态,只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态,其基本构成方式是“助动词be+过去分词”.
注意:“be+过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态,有些动词(如 be,feel,look,seem等)后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,用作表语表示状态.如:
My bike is broken.(我的自行车坏了.)
The door is open.(门开了.)
2.主动语态改被动语态的方法
1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面:①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语,放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略).
2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况:①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语,直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语,此时,间接宾语前要加介词to或 for.如:
He gave the boy an apple.→The boy was given an apple.(或An apple was given to the boy.)
Her father bought her a present.→She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.)
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