Maritime shipping is an important link in international logistics service. There are two types of shipping markets, the liner market and the tramp market. A far greater amount of cargo is shipped by bulk carriers, which can be chartered on the tramp market on a time basis or on voyage basis. A considerable amount of cargo is shipped by huge container ships running on fixed lines around the world. As far as outbound flow of products from manufacturers is concerned, container ships are usually most frequently used.
When you need to send cargo to a buyer overseas according to a sales contract, you must, after you have completed the necessary documentation for insurance, cargo survey, etc. as per the clauses in the Letter of Credit, book space on a ship either by yourself or via a freight forwarder. If you decide to book the space yourself, you can either go to a shipping company or simply go on the Internet, find the website of the carrier you want, and book the space there. In either case, you have to fill up what is commonly referred to as Booking Note, which is of the ten copies designed for use in different related sectors in the shipping procedures, such as the cargo owners, the ship agent, the container yard, the port authorities for the port dues and port charges, the ship, the dock, and the Customs House.
Then, when the shipping company accepts your space-booking, you will receive a Container Load Plan in due course as shown in Figure 9-1. The Container Load Plan is of five copies which will be given to the terminal, the carrier, the ship agent, the shipper and the party that load your container on board the ship.
At the same time, the shipping company will make a stowage plan for the ship, which decides the specific location for each container in the holds, taking into consideration of the weight, its destination and the ship’s specifications.
When your cargo is stuffed into a container, it is hauled to the container yard (CY) to be loaded on board the ship according to the stowage plan. When this is done, the First Mate would sign a Mate’s Receipt (Figure 9_2). This document is very important, as the shipping company will issue the bill of Lading according to the statements on it.
You can now take the Bill of Lading (Figure 9-3) (three originals and, as sometimes you can request, three copies) together with all the documents required by the Letter of Credit to the negotiating bank to exchange for money from the buyer.
我不要金山词霸翻译出来的 或者网上随便翻的 不然就不会提问了
当你需要向对方发送货物,买方按照销售合同的海外,你必须后,你已完成必要的文件为保险、货物调查等条款在信用证上的空间,本书可以通过自己的船或货运。如果你决定书空间自己,你可以去船公司或简单地在因特网上找到这个网站,你想要的,承运人预定空间。在这两种情况下,你必须填写通常被称为预订注,这是十本设计适用于不同的相关部门在运输过程,如货主、船舶代理人、集装箱堆场、港口当局对港费和港口收费、船舶、码头、海关。
然后,当船运公司接受你的承办,你将收到一个货柜的计划在适当的时候,如图9-1。这个集装箱式五份,将给终端、承运人、船舶代理、托运人和党,负载你的集装箱在船上。
同时,运输公司将船吃水的具体地点,这决定了每个容器中,考虑到的重量、目的地和船上的规格。
当你的货装进一个容器,它拽到集装箱堆场(联赛)装在船上根据配载图。当这些完成之后,大副将签署一份大副收据(图9_2)。这份文件是非常重要的,如运输公司将签发提单根据报表。
现在你可以把提单(图9-3)(3份原件和,有时你可以要求,三份),连同所有要求的单据由信用证的议付行来换取金钱由买方承担。
