从语法方面来讲吧。。尽量详细一点。。谢谢
it 有四种用法:
1. 人称代词——用于指代无生命物体,性别不详或不知的有生命体,如:
* Mother polished the table until it shone 母亲一直把把桌子擦出光亮。(指代桌子)
* He couldn't find out who it was 他查不出那是谁。(指代不明的人)
2. 非人称代词——用作主语指代天气、时间、距离、度量衡或模糊情况等概念,如:
* It is eight o'clock. 现在是八点。
* It is snowing. 天正在下雪。
* It is not far from here. 从这里走距离不远。
* It is not too cheap. 价格不菲。
* Let's open the meeting by calling it to order. 会议开始,全体肃立。
3. 先行代词——作为先行主语或先行宾语,指代拖后的不定式和名词从句,如:
先行主语
* It is hard to finish it on time. 很难按时完成任务。
* Is it certain that they will win? 他们一定会赢吗?
先行宾语
* I find it hard to finish it on time. 我认为很难按时完成任务。
* Do you make it certain that they will win? 你确信他们一定会赢吗?
4. 强调代词——用于强调句,作为先行主语强调句子的各种成分,但它本身并不是主语,如:
* It was on Friday that all the snow fell. 是在星期五下雪的。 (强调时间状语)
* It was he that/who gave me the present.是他给了我这件礼品。(强调主语)
* It was the present that he gave me.他给我的是这件礼品。(强调宾语)
1. 人称代词——用于指代无生命物体,性别不详或不知的有生命体,如:
* Mother polished the table until it shone 母亲一直把把桌子擦出光亮。(指代桌子)
* He couldn't find out who it was 他查不出那是谁。(指代不明的人)
2. 非人称代词——用作主语指代天气、时间、距离、度量衡或模糊情况等概念,如:
* It is eight o'clock. 现在是八点。
* It is snowing. 天正在下雪。
* It is not far from here. 从这里走距离不远。
* It is not too cheap. 价格不菲。
* Let's open the meeting by calling it to order. 会议开始,全体肃立。
3. 先行代词——作为先行主语或先行宾语,指代拖后的不定式和名词从句,如:
先行主语
* It is hard to finish it on time. 很难按时完成任务。
* Is it certain that they will win? 他们一定会赢吗?
先行宾语
* I find it hard to finish it on time. 我认为很难按时完成任务。
* Do you make it certain that they will win? 你确信他们一定会赢吗?
4. 强调代词——用于强调句,作为先行主语强调句子的各种成分,但它本身并不是主语,如:
* It was on Friday that all the snow fell. 是在星期五下雪的。 (强调时间状语)
* It was he that/who gave me the present.是他给了我这件礼品。(强调主语)
* It was the present that he gave me.他给我的是这件礼品。(强调宾语)
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