c#之UDP协议的异步通信怎么做

因为TCP的异步操作已经做好了，现在再加个UDP协议的异步通信系统；因为UDP不用连接的所以比较方便；我看到有些例子不是很懂，接收数据是用serverSocket.BeginReceiveFrom还是serverSocket.BeginReceive；二个东东有啥区别，还有UDP异步发送的时候用什么函数；最好有比较简单的例子谢谢

推荐答案推荐于2016-08-25

UDP服务器：

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;

namespace ConsoleUdpServer
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
                SocketType.Dgram,
                ProtocolType.Udp);
            EndPoint localEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8002);
            socket.Bind(localEP);

            //启动异步接收
            State state = new State(socket);
            socket.BeginReceiveFrom(
                state.Buffer, 0, state.Buffer.Length,
                SocketFlags.None,
                ref state.RemoteEP,
                EndReceiveFromCallback,
                state);

            Console.ReadLine();
            socket.Close();
        }

        //异步接收回调函数
        static void EndReceiveFromCallback(IAsyncResult iar)
        {
            State state = iar.AsyncState as State;
            Socket socket = state.Socket;
            try
            {
                //完成接收
                int byteRead = socket.EndReceiveFrom(iar, ref state.RemoteEP);
                //显示客户端地址和端口
                Console.WriteLine("客户端终结点：{0}", state.RemoteEP.ToString());
                //显示接收信息
                Console.WriteLine("接收数据字节数：{0}", byteRead);
                string message = Encoding.Default.GetString(state.Buffer, 0, byteRead);
                Console.WriteLine("来着客户端信息：{0}", message);
                //向客户端发送信息
                SendMeaage(socket, state.RemoteEP, "成功接收！");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("发生异常！异常信息：");
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                //非常重要：继续异步接收
                socket.BeginReceiveFrom(
                    state.Buffer, 0, state.Buffer.Length,
                    SocketFlags.None,
                    ref state.RemoteEP,
                    EndReceiveFromCallback,
                    state);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 向客户端发送信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="socket">本地Socket（服务器Socket）</param>
        /// <param name="remoteEndPoint">客户端终结点</param>
        /// <param name="Message">信息</param>
        static void SendMeaage(Socket socket, EndPoint remoteEndPoint, string Message)
        {
            byte[] bytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(Message);
            socket.SendTo(bytes, remoteEndPoint);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 用于异步接收处理的辅助类
    /// </summary>
    class State
    {
        public State(Socket socket)
        {
            this.Buffer = new byte[1024];
            this.Socket = socket;
            this.RemoteEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取本机（服务器）Socket
        /// </summary>
        public Socket Socket { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取接收缓冲区
        /// </summary>
        public byte[] Buffer { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取/设置客户端终结点
        /// </summary>
        public EndPoint RemoteEP;
    }
}

UDP客户端

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;

namespace ConsoleUdpClient
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Socket socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,
                SocketType.Dgram,
                ProtocolType.Udp);
            //客户端使用的终结点
            EndPoint localEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
            socket.Bind(localEP);

            //启动异步接收
            State state = new State(socket);
            socket.BeginReceiveFrom(
                state.Buffer, 0, state.Buffer.Length,
                SocketFlags.None,
                ref state.RemoteEP,
                EndReceiveFromCallback,
                state);

            //向服务器发送信息
            EndPoint remoteEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1"), 8002);
            SendMeaage(socket, remoteEP, "你好，这里是客户端，收到请回复！Over~~~~");

            Console.ReadLine();
            socket.Close();
        }

        //异步接收回调函数
        static void EndReceiveFromCallback(IAsyncResult iar)
        {
            State state = iar.AsyncState as State;
            Socket socket = state.Socket;
            try
            {
                //完成接收
                int byteRead = socket.EndReceiveFrom(iar, ref state.RemoteEP);
                //显示服务器地址和端口
                Console.WriteLine("服务器终结点：{0}", state.RemoteEP.ToString());
                //显示接收信息
                Console.WriteLine("接收数据字节数：{0}", byteRead);
                string message = Encoding.Default.GetString(state.Buffer, 0, byteRead);
                Console.WriteLine("来着服务器的信息：{0}", message);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("发生异常！异常信息：");
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                //非常重要：继续异步接收
                socket.BeginReceiveFrom(
                    state.Buffer, 0, state.Buffer.Length,
                    SocketFlags.None,
                    ref state.RemoteEP,
                    EndReceiveFromCallback,
                    state);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 向服务器发送信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="socket">本地Socket</param>
        /// <param name="remoteEndPoint">服务器终结点</param>
        /// <param name="Message">信息</param>
        static void SendMeaage(Socket socket, EndPoint remoteEndPoint, string Message)
        {
            byte[] bytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(Message);
            socket.SendTo(bytes, remoteEndPoint);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 用于异步接收处理的辅助类
    /// </summary>
    class State
    {
        public State(Socket socket)
        {
            this.Buffer = new byte[1024];
            this.Socket = socket;
            this.RemoteEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取本机Socket
        /// </summary>
        public Socket Socket { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取接收缓冲区
        /// </summary>
        public byte[] Buffer { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取/设置客户端终结点
        /// </summary>
        public EndPoint RemoteEP;
    }
}

追问

谢谢你，写的比较完整；这个UDP是不是没有客户端和服务端之分吧？还有就是EndPoint localEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0); 0是不是端口号；这个应该别的程序也在使用这个端口的，为什么要使用0这个端口呢有什么意义吗？谢谢

追答

1）UDP是无连接通信，客户端和服务器区分不是很明显。
2）在 IPEndPoint 中，规定端口为 0 的意思是让.net 自己去寻址系统中可以使用的端口编号。

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其他回答

第1个回答推荐于2018-03-26

服务器端代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
namespace AsyncServer
{
// 定义 UdpState类
public class UdpState
{
public UdpClient udpClient;
public IPEndPoint ipEndPoint;
public const int BufferSize = 1024;
public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
public int counter = 0;
}
// 异步UDP类
public class AsyncUdpSever
{
// 定义节点
private IPEndPoint ipEndPoint = null;
private IPEndPoint remoteEP = null;
// 定义UDP发送和接收
private UdpClient udpReceive = null;
private UdpClient udpSend = null;
// 定义端口
private const int listenPort = 1100;
private const int remotePort = 1101;
UdpState udpReceiveState = null;
UdpState udpSendState = null;
// 异步状态同步
private ManualResetEvent sendDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
private ManualResetEvent receiveDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
public AsyncUdpSever()
{
// 本机节点
ipEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, listenPort);
// 远程节点
remoteEP = new IPEndPoint(Dns.GetHostAddresses(Dns.GetHostName())[0], remotePort);
// 实例化
udpReceive = new UdpClient(ipEndPoint);
udpSend = new UdpClient();

// 分别实例化udpSendState、udpReceiveState
udpReceiveState = new UdpState();
udpReceiveState.udpClient = udpReceive;
udpReceiveState.ipEndPoint = ipEndPoint;

udpSendState = new UdpState();
udpSendState.udpClient = udpSend;
udpSendState.ipEndPoint = remoteEP;
}
public void ReceiveMsg()
{
Console.WriteLine("listening for messages");
while (true)
{
lock (this)
{
// 调用接收回调函数
IAsyncResult iar = udpReceive.BeginReceive(new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), udpReceiveState);
receiveDone.WaitOne();
Thread.Sleep(100);
}
}
}
// 接收回调函数
private void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult iar)
{
UdpState udpReceiveState = iar.AsyncState as UdpState;
if (iar.IsCompleted)
{
Byte[] receiveBytes = udpReceiveState.udpClient.EndReceive(iar, ref udpReceiveState.ipEndPoint);
string receiveString = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(receiveBytes);
Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", receiveString);
//Thread.Sleep(100);
receiveDone.Set();
SendMsg();
}
}
// 发送函数
private void SendMsg()
{
udpSend.Connect(udpSendState.ipEndPoint);
udpSendState.udpClient = udpSend;
udpSendState.counter++;

string message = string.Format("第{0}个UDP请求处理完成！", udpSendState.counter);
Byte[] sendBytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(message);
udpSend.BeginSend(sendBytes, sendBytes.Length, new AsyncCallback(SendCallback), udpSendState);
sendDone.WaitOne();
}
// 发送回调函数
private void SendCallback(IAsyncResult iar)
{
UdpState udpState = iar.AsyncState as UdpState;
Console.WriteLine("第{0}个请求处理完毕！", udpState.counter);
Console.WriteLine("number of bytes sent: {0}", udpState.udpClient.EndSend(iar));
sendDone.Set();
}
// 主函数
public static void Main()
{
AsyncUdpSever aus = new AsyncUdpSever();
Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(aus.ReceiveMsg));
t.Start();
Console.Read();
}
}
}

　　客户端代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
namespace AsyncClient
{
// 定义 UdpState类
public class UdpState
{
public UdpClient udpClient = null;
public IPEndPoint ipEndPoint = null;
public const int BufferSize = 1024;
public byte[] buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
public int counter = 0;
}
// 异步UDP类
public class AsyncUdpClient
{
public static bool messageSent = false;
// Receive a message and write it to the console.
// 定义端口
private const int listenPort = 1101;
private const int remotePort = 1100;
// 定义节点
private IPEndPoint localEP = null;
private IPEndPoint remoteEP = null;
// 定义UDP发送和接收
private UdpClient udpReceive = null;
private UdpClient udpSend = null;
private UdpState udpSendState = null;
private UdpState udpReceiveState = null;
private int counter = 0;
// 异步状态同步
private ManualResetEvent sendDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
private ManualResetEvent receiveDone = new ManualResetEvent(false);
// 定义套接字
//private Socket receiveSocket;
//private Socket sendSocket;

public AsyncUdpClient()
{
// 本机节点
localEP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, listenPort);
// 远程节点
remoteEP = new IPEndPoint(Dns.GetHostAddresses(Dns.GetHostName())[0], remotePort);
// 实例化
udpReceive = new UdpClient(localEP);
udpSend = new UdpClient();

// 分别实例化udpSendState、udpReceiveState
udpSendState = new UdpState();
udpSendState.ipEndPoint = remoteEP;
udpSendState.udpClient = udpSend;

udpReceiveState = new UdpState();
udpReceiveState.ipEndPoint = remoteEP;
udpReceiveState.udpClient = udpReceive;

//receiveSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
//receiveSocket.Bind(localEP);

//sendSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
//sendSocket.Bind(remoteEP);
}
// 发送函数
public void SendMsg()
{
udpSend.Connect(remoteEP);

//Thread t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ReceiveMessages));
//t.Start();
Byte[] sendBytes;
string message;
while (true)
{
message = "Client" + (counter++).ToString();
lock (this)
{
sendBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message);
udpSendState.counter = counter;
// 调用发送回调函数
udpSend.BeginSend(sendBytes, sendBytes.Length, new AsyncCallback(SendCallback), udpSendState);
sendDone.WaitOne();
Thread.Sleep(200);
ReceiveMessages();
}
}
}

// 发送回调函数
public void SendCallback(IAsyncResult iar)
{
UdpState udpState = iar.AsyncState as UdpState;
if (iar.IsCompleted)
{
Console.WriteLine("第{0}个发送完毕！", udpState.counter);
Console.WriteLine("number of bytes sent: {0}", udpState.udpClient.EndSend(iar));
//if (udpState.counter == 10)
//{
// udpState.udpClient.Close();
//}
sendDone.Set();
}
}

// 接收函数
public void ReceiveMessages()
{
lock (this)
{
udpReceive.BeginReceive(new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), udpReceiveState);
receiveDone.WaitOne();
Thread.Sleep(100);
}
}

// 接收回调函数
public void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult iar)
{
UdpState udpState = iar.AsyncState as UdpState;
if (iar.IsCompleted)
{
Byte[] receiveBytes = udpState.udpClient.EndReceive(iar, ref udpReceiveState.ipEndPoint);
string receiveString = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(receiveBytes);
Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", receiveString);
receiveDone.Set();
}
}

// 主函数
public static void Main()
{
AsyncUdpClient auc = new AsyncUdpClient();
auc.SendMsg();
Console.Read();
}
}
}本回答被网友采纳

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