拜托写详细一点
汉语祈使句 祈使句的作用是要求、请求或命令、劝告、建议别人做或不做一件事。
祈使句的句末一般用感叹号,但是有些祈使句的语气较弱,可以用句号结尾。
祈使句可以用语气词“吧”作结尾,也可以不用语气词。
祈使句可以表示命令、请求、禁止、劝阻等。
表示命令的祈使句
例如:“保持肃静!”;“起立!”
表示请求的句式通常是“请……”。
例如:“请等我一会。”
表示禁止的句式有:“不准……”、“不要……”、“别……” 等。
例如 :「此处不准停车 !」
表示劝阻的句式通常是「请勿……」。
例如:「请勿在车厢内饮食。」 [编辑本段]表示各种意思的中文祈使句 祈使句是表示要对方做或不做某事、带有祈使语气的句子。
(一)祈使句的语调特点
1、语音强度一般比陈述句重,书面上用叹号表示。
2、句末用降调,较长句子的后半部分几个音节速度加快。
(二)祈使句的语气词
祈使句主要依靠语气来表达,有时也借助语气词“吧、啊(呀、哇、哪)”等表达。例如:
找个凳子坐下吧!
让他走吧!
可得抓紧时间啊!
大家快过来呀!
你可得好好干哪!
(三)祈使句的种类
根据祈使句的语用意义和语气的强弱,祈使句可以分为四类:
1、表示命令的祈使句
表示命令的祈使句都带有强制性,要求对方必须服从,言辞肯定,态度严肃。例如:
立定!
站起来!
让他进来!
快去救火!
2、表示请求的祈使句
与表示命令的祈使句相比,表示请求的祈使句的语气要舒缓一些,可以使用语气词“吧、啊”,主语可以出现,也可以不出现。
例如:
请给我们多提意见!
您请坐啊!
这个问题你来回答吧!
帮帮我的忙吧!
3、表示禁止的祈使句
表示禁止的祈使句明确表示禁止对方做什么事情,言辞强硬,态度坚决,不用语气词。
例如:
别动!
不许胡说!
此处不准吸烟!
你不要去!
谁也不要随便说话!
4、表示劝阻的祈使句
表示劝阻的祈使句语调比较平缓,常用语气词“吧、啊”。
例如:
要好好听老师的话啊!
你们几个休息一会儿吧!
大家都少说几句吧!
你们可别拿他开玩笑了!
英语祈使句(Imperative Sentence)
定义:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。
祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号来表示结束。例:
Go and wash your hands.
(去洗你的手。——命令)
Be quiet, please.(Please be quiet.)
(请安静。——请求)
Be kind to our sister.
(对姊妹要和善。——劝告)
Watch your steps.
(走路小心。——警告)
Look out!Danger!
(小心!危险!——强烈警告,已如感叹句)
Keep off the grass.
(勿践草坪。——禁止)
No parking.
(禁止停车。——禁止)
祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来,使对方听起来觉得柔和些,例如:
You go and tell him, Chris. (克立斯你去告诉他。)
二、相关口令
祈使句无主语, 主语you常省去;
动词原形谓语当, 句首加don't否定变;
朗读应当用降调, 句末常标感叹号。
三、表现形式
●肯定结构:
1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
●否定结构:
1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!
练习:
将下列汉语翻译成英语。
1. 请照看好您的包。 ___________________.
2. 让我们去学校吧! ___________________!
3. 亲爱的,高兴点儿! ___________________!
4. 不要把书放这儿。 ___________________.
5. 不要让猫进来。 ___________________.
Key:
1. Please look after your bag 2. Let's go to school
3. Be glad, dear 4. Don't put the book here
5. Don't let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in
"let"带头的祈使句
由"let"带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是个常见的动词句型,它的主要用法有下列三种:
1.表示“建议”。
这个句型里的"let"后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语,如:
(1) Let me try.
(2) Let's do it.
(3) Let me go and look for it.
这个句型语气委婉,比直接的祈使句客气。试比较(4)a和(4)b:
(4) a. Don't disturb him.
b. Let's not disturb him.
(a)是直接命令,语气强烈,不如(b)温柔悦耳。
2.表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。
这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词,如:
(5) Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.
(6) Let her join our choir.
3.表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。
这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外,有时还语带讽刺,如:
(7) Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.
(8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.
用"let"的祈使句时,必须注意下列几点:
一、"let" 的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用"Don't let....."(见例(9));如果宾语是第一人称,则用"Let......not" (见例(10)):
(9) Don't let this type of things happen again.
(10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.
二、"Let"只适用于现在时态,可以有被动语态 (the passive voice),如:
(11) Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.
(12) Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
三、"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词 (The infinitive without"to")之外,还可以是某些适当的副词,如out, in, down, alone等:
(13) Let the puppy out.
(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
(15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.
(16) Let me alone, please.
四、用"Let's"时,把谈话者的对象包括在内;用"Let us"时,并不包括对方,如:
(17) Let's try it, shall we?
(18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
从(17)里的"shall we"和(18)里的"will you",不难知道前者包括听话人,后者并没有。</B>祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语,句末用惊叹号或者句号,用降调。
1含有第二人称主语的祈使句
Be careful!小心!
Don''t make such a noise.不要这么吵。
1.肯定的祈使句
a.句型:动词原形~.(省略主语)
Stand up.起立。
Be quiet,please.请安静。
b.有时,为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加do
Do sit down.
务必请坐。
Do study hard.
一定要努力学习。
比较
祈使句和陈述句陈述句:
You sit down.
你坐下来。
祈使句:
Sit down.坐下
(省略主语you)
c.用客气的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。
Go this way,please.
请这边走。
d.祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号“,”隔开,放在句首或句尾。
Li Ming,come here.
李明,过来。
Come here,Li Ming.
过来,李明。
2.否定的祈使句
句型:Don''t +动词原形~
Don''t swim in the river.
别在河里游泳。
Don''t be late.别迟到。
Please don''t be noisy.
请不要大声喧哗。
注意
表示禁止时,尤其是标语等也可用“No+名词/动名词”来表示。
No smoking!
禁止吸烟!
No parking!
禁止停车!
No entry!
不准入内!
No litter!
不准乱扔杂物!
[编辑本段]英语祈使句句型转换 </B></B>
祈使句与陈述句的改写
1.祈使句=You must …(陈述句)
Come here .过来。
=You must come here .
你必须过来。
Don''t do that again.
你一定不可以再那样做了。
2.Please +祈使句=Will you (please) ~?(陈述句)
Please help me .请帮帮我。
=Will you (please) help me?
你愿意帮我的忙吗?
Come here on time ,please .请准时到这儿。
=Will you (please) come here on time ?
请你准时到好吗?
3.含有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句
Let''s say good-by here.
我们在此道别吧。
Don''t let him do that again.
别让他再那么做了。.
1.肯定的祈使句
句型:·Let+第一人称(me,us)~.
·Let+第三人称代词(宾格:him,her,it,them)或名词~.
Let''s go at once.
咱们马上动身吧。
Let me try again.
让我再试试。
Let Tom go there himself.
让汤姆自己去那儿。
注意
Let''s包括对方,Let us不包括对方。反意疑问句时最明显。
Let''s go,shall we?
咱们去吧,怎么样?
Let us go,will you?
让我们去吧,行吗?
(征求对方的意见)
2.否定的祈使句
句型:·Let''s(us,me)+not +动词原形~.
·Don''t let +第三人称代词的宾格或名词+动词原形.
Let''s not say anything about it.
对于这件事,咱们什么也不要说。
Don''t let them play with fire.
别让他们玩火。
句型转换
祈使句有时相当一个“if”引导的条件状语从句。
祈使句:Use your head and you''ll find a way.
条件句:If you use your head,you''ll find a way.
注意
回答Let''s~的反意疑问句句型时,肯定时用Yes,let''s.否定时用NO,let''s not.
祈使句变反意疑问句的方法:
祈使句后的反意疑问句形式
a,Let's表示说话人向对方提出建议,简短问句的主语用 we表示,问句用 shall we或 shan't we 如: Let's have a cup of tea ,shall we (shan't we)
b,Let me或 Let us表示听话人提出请求,问句用 will you或 won't you .
Let me have a rest , will you (won't you )
c,其它的祈使句后可以加一个简短问句,使语气变得客气一些.
如:Have a rest , will you .
Stand up , will (won't) you .
祈使句的句末一般用感叹号,但是有些祈使句的语气较弱,可以用句号结尾。
祈使句可以用语气词“吧”作结尾,也可以不用语气词。
祈使句可以表示命令、请求、禁止、劝阻等。
表示命令的祈使句
例如:“保持肃静!”;“起立!”
表示请求的句式通常是“请……”。
例如:“请等我一会。”
表示禁止的句式有:“不准……”、“不要……”、“别……” 等。
例如 :「此处不准停车 !」
表示劝阻的句式通常是「请勿……」。
例如:「请勿在车厢内饮食。」 [编辑本段]表示各种意思的中文祈使句 祈使句是表示要对方做或不做某事、带有祈使语气的句子。
(一)祈使句的语调特点
1、语音强度一般比陈述句重,书面上用叹号表示。
2、句末用降调,较长句子的后半部分几个音节速度加快。
(二)祈使句的语气词
祈使句主要依靠语气来表达,有时也借助语气词“吧、啊(呀、哇、哪)”等表达。例如:
找个凳子坐下吧!
让他走吧!
可得抓紧时间啊!
大家快过来呀!
你可得好好干哪!
(三)祈使句的种类
根据祈使句的语用意义和语气的强弱,祈使句可以分为四类:
1、表示命令的祈使句
表示命令的祈使句都带有强制性,要求对方必须服从,言辞肯定,态度严肃。例如:
立定!
站起来!
让他进来!
快去救火!
2、表示请求的祈使句
与表示命令的祈使句相比,表示请求的祈使句的语气要舒缓一些,可以使用语气词“吧、啊”,主语可以出现,也可以不出现。
例如:
请给我们多提意见!
您请坐啊!
这个问题你来回答吧!
帮帮我的忙吧!
3、表示禁止的祈使句
表示禁止的祈使句明确表示禁止对方做什么事情,言辞强硬,态度坚决,不用语气词。
例如:
别动!
不许胡说!
此处不准吸烟!
你不要去!
谁也不要随便说话!
4、表示劝阻的祈使句
表示劝阻的祈使句语调比较平缓,常用语气词“吧、啊”。
例如:
要好好听老师的话啊!
你们几个休息一会儿吧!
大家都少说几句吧!
你们可别拿他开玩笑了!
英语祈使句(Imperative Sentence)
定义:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。
祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号来表示结束。例:
Go and wash your hands.
(去洗你的手。——命令)
Be quiet, please.(Please be quiet.)
(请安静。——请求)
Be kind to our sister.
(对姊妹要和善。——劝告)
Watch your steps.
(走路小心。——警告)
Look out!Danger!
(小心!危险!——强烈警告,已如感叹句)
Keep off the grass.
(勿践草坪。——禁止)
No parking.
(禁止停车。——禁止)
祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来,使对方听起来觉得柔和些,例如:
You go and tell him, Chris. (克立斯你去告诉他。)
二、相关口令
祈使句无主语, 主语you常省去;
动词原形谓语当, 句首加don't否定变;
朗读应当用降调, 句末常标感叹号。
三、表现形式
●肯定结构:
1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。
2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
●否定结构:
1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!
练习:
将下列汉语翻译成英语。
1. 请照看好您的包。 ___________________.
2. 让我们去学校吧! ___________________!
3. 亲爱的,高兴点儿! ___________________!
4. 不要把书放这儿。 ___________________.
5. 不要让猫进来。 ___________________.
Key:
1. Please look after your bag 2. Let's go to school
3. Be glad, dear 4. Don't put the book here
5. Don't let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in
"let"带头的祈使句
由"let"带头的祈使句(Imperative Sentences)是个常见的动词句型,它的主要用法有下列三种:
1.表示“建议”。
这个句型里的"let"后头紧跟着一个第一人称的代词宾语,如:
(1) Let me try.
(2) Let's do it.
(3) Let me go and look for it.
这个句型语气委婉,比直接的祈使句客气。试比较(4)a和(4)b:
(4) a. Don't disturb him.
b. Let's not disturb him.
(a)是直接命令,语气强烈,不如(b)温柔悦耳。
2.表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。
这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词,如:
(5) Let Robert take charge of the marketing department.
(6) Let her join our choir.
3.表示“警告”、“蔑视”、“威胁”等。
这种祈使句里的宾语也是第三人称为主。除了口气凶悍之外,有时还语带讽刺,如:
(7) Let him try and he will expose his inability to work on his own.
(8) Let the invaders come and our armed forces will wipe them out in no time.
用"let"的祈使句时,必须注意下列几点:
一、"let" 的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用"Don't let....."(见例(9));如果宾语是第一人称,则用"Let......not" (见例(10)):
(9) Don't let this type of things happen again.
(10) It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.
二、"Let"只适用于现在时态,可以有被动语态 (the passive voice),如:
(11) Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.
(12) Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.
三、"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词 (The infinitive without"to")之外,还可以是某些适当的副词,如out, in, down, alone等:
(13) Let the puppy out.
(14) Open the windows and let the fresh air in.
(15) The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.
(16) Let me alone, please.
四、用"Let's"时,把谈话者的对象包括在内;用"Let us"时,并不包括对方,如:
(17) Let's try it, shall we?
(18) Let us do it by ourselves, will you?
从(17)里的"shall we"和(18)里的"will you",不难知道前者包括听话人,后者并没有。</B>祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语,句末用惊叹号或者句号,用降调。
1含有第二人称主语的祈使句
Be careful!小心!
Don''t make such a noise.不要这么吵。
1.肯定的祈使句
a.句型:动词原形~.(省略主语)
Stand up.起立。
Be quiet,please.请安静。
b.有时,为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加do
Do sit down.
务必请坐。
Do study hard.
一定要努力学习。
比较
祈使句和陈述句陈述句:
You sit down.
你坐下来。
祈使句:
Sit down.坐下
(省略主语you)
c.用客气的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。
Go this way,please.
请这边走。
d.祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号“,”隔开,放在句首或句尾。
Li Ming,come here.
李明,过来。
Come here,Li Ming.
过来,李明。
2.否定的祈使句
句型:Don''t +动词原形~
Don''t swim in the river.
别在河里游泳。
Don''t be late.别迟到。
Please don''t be noisy.
请不要大声喧哗。
注意
表示禁止时,尤其是标语等也可用“No+名词/动名词”来表示。
No smoking!
禁止吸烟!
No parking!
禁止停车!
No entry!
不准入内!
No litter!
不准乱扔杂物!
[编辑本段]英语祈使句句型转换 </B></B>
祈使句与陈述句的改写
1.祈使句=You must …(陈述句)
Come here .过来。
=You must come here .
你必须过来。
Don''t do that again.
你一定不可以再那样做了。
2.Please +祈使句=Will you (please) ~?(陈述句)
Please help me .请帮帮我。
=Will you (please) help me?
你愿意帮我的忙吗?
Come here on time ,please .请准时到这儿。
=Will you (please) come here on time ?
请你准时到好吗?
3.含有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句
Let''s say good-by here.
我们在此道别吧。
Don''t let him do that again.
别让他再那么做了。.
1.肯定的祈使句
句型:·Let+第一人称(me,us)~.
·Let+第三人称代词(宾格:him,her,it,them)或名词~.
Let''s go at once.
咱们马上动身吧。
Let me try again.
让我再试试。
Let Tom go there himself.
让汤姆自己去那儿。
注意
Let''s包括对方,Let us不包括对方。反意疑问句时最明显。
Let''s go,shall we?
咱们去吧,怎么样?
Let us go,will you?
让我们去吧,行吗?
(征求对方的意见)
2.否定的祈使句
句型:·Let''s(us,me)+not +动词原形~.
·Don''t let +第三人称代词的宾格或名词+动词原形.
Let''s not say anything about it.
对于这件事,咱们什么也不要说。
Don''t let them play with fire.
别让他们玩火。
句型转换
祈使句有时相当一个“if”引导的条件状语从句。
祈使句:Use your head and you''ll find a way.
条件句:If you use your head,you''ll find a way.
注意
回答Let''s~的反意疑问句句型时,肯定时用Yes,let''s.否定时用NO,let''s not.
祈使句变反意疑问句的方法:
祈使句后的反意疑问句形式
a,Let's表示说话人向对方提出建议,简短问句的主语用 we表示,问句用 shall we或 shan't we 如: Let's have a cup of tea ,shall we (shan't we)
b,Let me或 Let us表示听话人提出请求,问句用 will you或 won't you .
Let me have a rest , will you (won't you )
c,其它的祈使句后可以加一个简短问句,使语气变得客气一些.
如:Have a rest , will you .
Stand up , will (won't) you .
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
第1个回答 2013-08-23
祈使句是日常交际中的常用句型,因为每个人在日常生活中难免会请求、命令、建议、要求、叮嘱、祝愿或厌烦某人干某事。随着英语交际功能的被重视,高考题中祈使句的出现频率越来越高。现对祈使句的各种用法总结如下:
一、第二人称作主语的祈使句
1.在祈使句中,第二人称的主语通常不表示出来。例如:
Have a look at your shoes!They are so dirty.看看你的鞋子!这么脏!
Be careful while crossing the road.过马路时要小心。
2.这种祈使句的否定形式是在句首加Don’t。例如:
Don’t ever forget it again!再也别忘了!
3.这种祈使句的强调式。
(1)肯定祈使句的强调式在前面加Do,否定祈使句用Never代替Don’t。例如:
Do turn off the gas tap after cooking,please!请你务必在用完煤气后关掉总阀。
Never believe such a thing!千万别相信这样的事。
(2)有时为了强调向谁提出要求、发出命令或分配任务,第二人称主语也可以表示出来,这时主语须重读。例如:
Boys,you carry water.Girls,you clean the windows.男生们,你们提水;女生们,你们擦窗子。
Don’t you do it again!你再也不要做这种事了!
4.有时加上第二人称,主语可表示急躁、厌烦或愤怒等情绪。例如:
You mind your own business!管好你自己的事!/别管闲事!
You get out of my way!请你别挡我的道!
5.祈使句的前后还可以有呼唤语。例如:
Tom,behave yourself.汤姆,规矩点。
Each of you,go back to your seat.你们每个人,都回到你们的座位上去。
二、第三人称作主语的祈使句
祈使句的主语有时也可以是第三人称。例如:
Everybody stand up!大家都站起来!
Jack stand over there.杰克站到那边去。
Someone open the door.谁去把门打开。
注意比较:
Everyone stands up.每个人都站着。
Jack stands over there.杰克站在那儿。
Someone opens the door at seven every morning.有人每天上午七点把这门打开。
三、Let开头的祈使句
Let开头的祈使句有Let us/me,Let’s,Let+第三人称代词或其他名词+不定式。
1.Let us/me+do。例如:
Let us go,please.请让我们走吧。
Let me buy you a drink.请允许我给你买一杯饮料。
2.Let’s+do。例如:
Let's have our holiday in Qingdao this summer.我们今年夏天在青岛度假吧。
以上祈使句的否定式是Let us not/Let’s not+不定式。
Let’s/Let us not make so much noise.我们不要发出这么大的噪音。
Let’s/Let us not stay up too late.我们不要熬的太晚。
3.Let+第三人称代词或名词+不定式。例如:
Let him be here by eight o’clock.让他八点前到这。
Let promises be kept.一定要信守诺言。
这一结构的否定式是Don’t let...
Don’t let such a thing happen again.不要再让这样的事发生。
Don’t let anyone leave his position.不许让任何人离开岗位。
四、祈使句的省略形式
祈使句的省略形式一般在紧接上下文作简短反应时使用,可用do,don’t等代替全句。例如:
A:Shall I get you a cup of tea?
B:Yes,please do./No,please don’t.
A:May l use your phone?
B:Do,you are welcome.
2.有些无动词结构也是祈使句的一种省略形式。例如:
Louder,please!请大声点说!
Out with it!带着它滚出去!
Not so noisy!不要这么大声!
五、祈使句的倒装形式
若祈使句中有in,out,away,up,off等作状语的副词,则会因强调这些状语而把它们置于句首。例如:
Out you come!你出来!
Away you go!你走吧!
Up you stand!你站起来!
六、祈使句可作为条件句使用
祈使句的这种用法通常用于句型:祈使句(表示条件)+and/or+简单句(表示结果)。这种句型中的祈使句可改为if引导的条件句。例如:
Use your head,and you’ll find a way out.(=If you use your head,you will find a way out.)动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。
Work harder,or you’ll fall behind.(=If you don’t work harder,you will fall behind.)努力点,否则你就会落后的。
在这一结构中,作为条件的祈使句还会以一个名词短语的形式出现。例如:
Ten minutes earlier,and you would have seen the UFO flying over our city.(=If you had come ten minutes earlier,you would have seen the UFO flying over our city.)如果你早十分钟来,你就能看到那个飞碟飞过我们城市上空了。
Another try,and you may succeed.(=If you have another try,you will succeed.)如果你再试一次,你也许会成功。
七、祈使句后的附加疑问句式
1.第二和第三人称的祈使句后多用will you,用would you语气更加委婉;也有用won’t you,can/can’t you或why don’t you的。例如:
Wait a minute,will you?
Keep quiet,will you?/won’t you?
Have another cup of tea,would you?
2.以Let开头的祈使句有两种形式。Let’s开头的祈使句用shall we,Let us开头的用will you。例如:
Let’s go home,shall we?我们一起回家吧,怎么样?
Let us go home,sir,will you?先生,让我们回家吧,行吗?
八、用作习语的一些固定祈使句式
Take your time.别急。
Pardon me?对不起,请再说一遍。
Make yourself at home.请随便点。/就当在家里。
Take it easy.别着急。
Go ahead.朝前走;去做吧!(鼓励对方做某事)
Don’t mention it.不用客气!(对别人感谢的回答)
Come on.加油;快点;振作起来;得啦,算了吧!(指责对方刚刚说的话不正确)
练习
1.—Sorry,Joe.I didn’t mean to...
—Don’t call me“Joe”.I’m Mr Parker to you,and______you forget it!
A.doB.didn’tC.didD.don’t
2.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you______advertisements showing happy families.
A.will often see B.often see C.are often seeingD.have often seen
3.Stand over there,______ you’ll be able to see it better.
A.orB.whileC.butD.and
4.—English has a large vocabulary,hasn’t it?
—Yes.______ more words and expression_rs and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
A.Know B.Knowing C.To know D.Knew
5.Lose one hour in the morning,______you will be looking for it the rest of the day.
A.butB.andC.orD.so
6.—It’ll take me at least 2 hours to do this!
—Oh,______!I could do it in 30 minutes.
A.come on B.pardon me C.you are right D.don’t mention it
7.—Oh dear!I’ve just broken a window.
—______.It can’t be helped.
A.Never mindB.All rightC.That’s fineD.Not at all
8.Start out right away,______you will miss the first train.
A.andB.butC.orD.while
9.—I’m sorry I’m late.I got held up in the traffic on my way here.
—______.
A.Don’t be late next time B.You should be blamed
C.It doesn’t matter.I’m also late D.Never mind.Come and sit down
10.______,and I’ll get the work finished.
A.Have one more hour B.One more hour
C.Given one more hourD.If l have one more hour
11.I'm thinking of the test tomorrow.I'm afraid l can't pass this time.
______!I’m sure you’ll make it.
A.Go aheadB.Good luckC.No problemD.Cheer up
12.We forget to bring our tickets,but please let us enter,______?
A.do youB.can weC.will youD.shall we
13.Mary,______ here—everybody else,stay where you are.
A.come B.comes C.to come D.coming
14.—______for the glass!
—It’s OK.I’m wearing shoes.
A.Look outB.Walk outC.Go outD.Set out
15.—I’d like to take a week’s holiday.
—______,we’re too busy.
A.Don’t worry B.Don’t mention it C.Forget it D.Pardon me
答案 1-5 DADAB 6-10 AACDB 11-15 ACAAC
一、第二人称作主语的祈使句
1.在祈使句中,第二人称的主语通常不表示出来。例如:
Have a look at your shoes!They are so dirty.看看你的鞋子!这么脏!
Be careful while crossing the road.过马路时要小心。
2.这种祈使句的否定形式是在句首加Don’t。例如:
Don’t ever forget it again!再也别忘了!
3.这种祈使句的强调式。
(1)肯定祈使句的强调式在前面加Do,否定祈使句用Never代替Don’t。例如:
Do turn off the gas tap after cooking,please!请你务必在用完煤气后关掉总阀。
Never believe such a thing!千万别相信这样的事。
(2)有时为了强调向谁提出要求、发出命令或分配任务,第二人称主语也可以表示出来,这时主语须重读。例如:
Boys,you carry water.Girls,you clean the windows.男生们,你们提水;女生们,你们擦窗子。
Don’t you do it again!你再也不要做这种事了!
4.有时加上第二人称,主语可表示急躁、厌烦或愤怒等情绪。例如:
You mind your own business!管好你自己的事!/别管闲事!
You get out of my way!请你别挡我的道!
5.祈使句的前后还可以有呼唤语。例如:
Tom,behave yourself.汤姆,规矩点。
Each of you,go back to your seat.你们每个人,都回到你们的座位上去。
二、第三人称作主语的祈使句
祈使句的主语有时也可以是第三人称。例如:
Everybody stand up!大家都站起来!
Jack stand over there.杰克站到那边去。
Someone open the door.谁去把门打开。
注意比较:
Everyone stands up.每个人都站着。
Jack stands over there.杰克站在那儿。
Someone opens the door at seven every morning.有人每天上午七点把这门打开。
三、Let开头的祈使句
Let开头的祈使句有Let us/me,Let’s,Let+第三人称代词或其他名词+不定式。
1.Let us/me+do。例如:
Let us go,please.请让我们走吧。
Let me buy you a drink.请允许我给你买一杯饮料。
2.Let’s+do。例如:
Let's have our holiday in Qingdao this summer.我们今年夏天在青岛度假吧。
以上祈使句的否定式是Let us not/Let’s not+不定式。
Let’s/Let us not make so much noise.我们不要发出这么大的噪音。
Let’s/Let us not stay up too late.我们不要熬的太晚。
3.Let+第三人称代词或名词+不定式。例如:
Let him be here by eight o’clock.让他八点前到这。
Let promises be kept.一定要信守诺言。
这一结构的否定式是Don’t let...
Don’t let such a thing happen again.不要再让这样的事发生。
Don’t let anyone leave his position.不许让任何人离开岗位。
四、祈使句的省略形式
祈使句的省略形式一般在紧接上下文作简短反应时使用,可用do,don’t等代替全句。例如:
A:Shall I get you a cup of tea?
B:Yes,please do./No,please don’t.
A:May l use your phone?
B:Do,you are welcome.
2.有些无动词结构也是祈使句的一种省略形式。例如:
Louder,please!请大声点说!
Out with it!带着它滚出去!
Not so noisy!不要这么大声!
五、祈使句的倒装形式
若祈使句中有in,out,away,up,off等作状语的副词,则会因强调这些状语而把它们置于句首。例如:
Out you come!你出来!
Away you go!你走吧!
Up you stand!你站起来!
六、祈使句可作为条件句使用
祈使句的这种用法通常用于句型:祈使句(表示条件)+and/or+简单句(表示结果)。这种句型中的祈使句可改为if引导的条件句。例如:
Use your head,and you’ll find a way out.(=If you use your head,you will find a way out.)动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。
Work harder,or you’ll fall behind.(=If you don’t work harder,you will fall behind.)努力点,否则你就会落后的。
在这一结构中,作为条件的祈使句还会以一个名词短语的形式出现。例如:
Ten minutes earlier,and you would have seen the UFO flying over our city.(=If you had come ten minutes earlier,you would have seen the UFO flying over our city.)如果你早十分钟来,你就能看到那个飞碟飞过我们城市上空了。
Another try,and you may succeed.(=If you have another try,you will succeed.)如果你再试一次,你也许会成功。
七、祈使句后的附加疑问句式
1.第二和第三人称的祈使句后多用will you,用would you语气更加委婉;也有用won’t you,can/can’t you或why don’t you的。例如:
Wait a minute,will you?
Keep quiet,will you?/won’t you?
Have another cup of tea,would you?
2.以Let开头的祈使句有两种形式。Let’s开头的祈使句用shall we,Let us开头的用will you。例如:
Let’s go home,shall we?我们一起回家吧,怎么样?
Let us go home,sir,will you?先生,让我们回家吧,行吗?
八、用作习语的一些固定祈使句式
Take your time.别急。
Pardon me?对不起,请再说一遍。
Make yourself at home.请随便点。/就当在家里。
Take it easy.别着急。
Go ahead.朝前走;去做吧!(鼓励对方做某事)
Don’t mention it.不用客气!(对别人感谢的回答)
Come on.加油;快点;振作起来;得啦,算了吧!(指责对方刚刚说的话不正确)
练习
1.—Sorry,Joe.I didn’t mean to...
—Don’t call me“Joe”.I’m Mr Parker to you,and______you forget it!
A.doB.didn’tC.didD.don’t
2.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you______advertisements showing happy families.
A.will often see B.often see C.are often seeingD.have often seen
3.Stand over there,______ you’ll be able to see it better.
A.orB.whileC.butD.and
4.—English has a large vocabulary,hasn’t it?
—Yes.______ more words and expression_rs and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
A.Know B.Knowing C.To know D.Knew
5.Lose one hour in the morning,______you will be looking for it the rest of the day.
A.butB.andC.orD.so
6.—It’ll take me at least 2 hours to do this!
—Oh,______!I could do it in 30 minutes.
A.come on B.pardon me C.you are right D.don’t mention it
7.—Oh dear!I’ve just broken a window.
—______.It can’t be helped.
A.Never mindB.All rightC.That’s fineD.Not at all
8.Start out right away,______you will miss the first train.
A.andB.butC.orD.while
9.—I’m sorry I’m late.I got held up in the traffic on my way here.
—______.
A.Don’t be late next time B.You should be blamed
C.It doesn’t matter.I’m also late D.Never mind.Come and sit down
10.______,and I’ll get the work finished.
A.Have one more hour B.One more hour
C.Given one more hourD.If l have one more hour
11.I'm thinking of the test tomorrow.I'm afraid l can't pass this time.
______!I’m sure you’ll make it.
A.Go aheadB.Good luckC.No problemD.Cheer up
12.We forget to bring our tickets,but please let us enter,______?
A.do youB.can weC.will youD.shall we
13.Mary,______ here—everybody else,stay where you are.
A.come B.comes C.to come D.coming
14.—______for the glass!
—It’s OK.I’m wearing shoes.
A.Look outB.Walk outC.Go outD.Set out
15.—I’d like to take a week’s holiday.
—______,we’re too busy.
A.Don’t worry B.Don’t mention it C.Forget it D.Pardon me
答案 1-5 DADAB 6-10 AACDB 11-15 ACAAC
第2个回答 2013-08-23
一、直接引语是时的变法:用asked sb. if (whether) + 语序来表达。如:
1).My teacher asked me, “Do you like American country music?”
→ My teacher asked me if (或whether) I liked American country music.
2).She said, “Do you often come here to read newspapers?”
→She asked me if (或whether) I often went there to read newspapers.
二、直接引语是的变法:用asked sb. if (whether) + 陈述句语序来表达。如:
1).She asked me, “You have seen the film, haven’t you?”
→She asked me if (或whether) I had seen the film.
2). “You haven't been to Beijing, have you?” asked he.
→ He asked me if/ (或whether) I had been to Beijing. 三、当直接引语是否定的一般疑问句或的变法:用asked sb if (whether) … or。来表达。如:1).She said, “Don't you know my telephone number?”
→ She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not.
2). “Do you like this one or that one? Tom asked.
→ Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one.3).I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?”
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
四、直接引语是的变法:用复合宾语来表达,其句型是: asked (told…) sb + to do。(don't 变为not to do )。(引述动词可根据口气选用tell, ask, order, command, request等词。) 如:
1)."Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she. →She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.2).His father said to him, “Don’t leave the door open.”
→His father told him not to leave the door open.
3).She said to me, “Please have a rest.”
→ She asked me to have a rest.
*带有let的祈使句,可用suggest + -ing.(或 + that)表达;也可用ask sb. to let 及advise sb. + to do (或+that从句) 表达。
1). “Let's go for a walk,” said the girl.
→ The girl suggested going for a walk.
→ The girl suggested that they should go for a walk.
2). “Della,” said he, “let’s put our Christmas gifts away.” →He asked Della to let them put their Christmas gifts away.3).The Party secretary said, “Let’s do our best to win still greater victory.” →The Party secretary advised us to do our best to win still greater victory.” →The Party secretary advised that we should do our best to win still greater victory.” 五、直接引语是的变法:用what 或how + 从句来表达,也可以用that + 从句表达。如:
1).She said, “What a lovely day it is!”
→She said what a lovely day it was. (或 She said that it was a lovely day.)
2).“What clever boys you are!” my teacher said to them.
→ My teacher told them what clever boys they were.
(或 My teacher told them that they were very clever boys.)3).“How fast he runs!” he said.
→He said how fast he ran. (或 He said that he ran very fast.) 六、英语中有些疑问句并非提出疑问,而是表示请求、劝告、建议等。这种疑问句变为时, 往往采用其他的形式。
1).suggest doing
“Shall we all go to the film tonight?” said Michael.
→ Michael suggested going to the film tonight.
2).advise sb. to do
“Why don't you go hiking?” asked James.
→ James advised me to go hiking.
3).offer to do
He said, “Would you like me to post the letter?”
→ He offered to post the letter.本回答被网友采纳
1).My teacher asked me, “Do you like American country music?”
→ My teacher asked me if (或whether) I liked American country music.
2).She said, “Do you often come here to read newspapers?”
→She asked me if (或whether) I often went there to read newspapers.
二、直接引语是的变法:用asked sb. if (whether) + 陈述句语序来表达。如:
1).She asked me, “You have seen the film, haven’t you?”
→She asked me if (或whether) I had seen the film.
2). “You haven't been to Beijing, have you?” asked he.
→ He asked me if/ (或whether) I had been to Beijing. 三、当直接引语是否定的一般疑问句或的变法:用asked sb if (whether) … or。来表达。如:1).She said, “Don't you know my telephone number?”
→ She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not.
2). “Do you like this one or that one? Tom asked.
→ Tom asked me whether I liked this one or that one.3).I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?”
→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
四、直接引语是的变法:用复合宾语来表达,其句型是: asked (told…) sb + to do。(don't 变为not to do )。(引述动词可根据口气选用tell, ask, order, command, request等词。) 如:
1)."Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she. →She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.2).His father said to him, “Don’t leave the door open.”
→His father told him not to leave the door open.
3).She said to me, “Please have a rest.”
→ She asked me to have a rest.
*带有let的祈使句,可用suggest + -ing.(或 + that)表达;也可用ask sb. to let 及advise sb. + to do (或+that从句) 表达。
1). “Let's go for a walk,” said the girl.
→ The girl suggested going for a walk.
→ The girl suggested that they should go for a walk.
2). “Della,” said he, “let’s put our Christmas gifts away.” →He asked Della to let them put their Christmas gifts away.3).The Party secretary said, “Let’s do our best to win still greater victory.” →The Party secretary advised us to do our best to win still greater victory.” →The Party secretary advised that we should do our best to win still greater victory.” 五、直接引语是的变法:用what 或how + 从句来表达,也可以用that + 从句表达。如:
1).She said, “What a lovely day it is!”
→She said what a lovely day it was. (或 She said that it was a lovely day.)
2).“What clever boys you are!” my teacher said to them.
→ My teacher told them what clever boys they were.
(或 My teacher told them that they were very clever boys.)3).“How fast he runs!” he said.
→He said how fast he ran. (或 He said that he ran very fast.) 六、英语中有些疑问句并非提出疑问,而是表示请求、劝告、建议等。这种疑问句变为时, 往往采用其他的形式。
1).suggest doing
“Shall we all go to the film tonight?” said Michael.
→ Michael suggested going to the film tonight.
2).advise sb. to do
“Why don't you go hiking?” asked James.
→ James advised me to go hiking.
3).offer to do
He said, “Would you like me to post the letter?”
→ He offered to post the letter.本回答被网友采纳
第3个回答 2013-08-23
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