求一篇关于数控车床方面的文章(要有英文翻译的)

如题所述

CNC lathe by function can be further divided into economic type CNC lathes, CNC lathes and turning ordinary machining center (1) Economical CNC Lathe: The stepper motor and the microcontroller on the turning lathe to the system transformed into a simple form CNC lathe. Lower cost, automation and functionality than the poor, turning precision is not high, suitable for less demanding rotational parts turning. Economical CNC Lathe (2) General CNC lathes: turning requirements according to the structure of a specially designed, equipped with universal CNC lathe formed. CNC strong functions, automation and processing accuracy is relatively high, for general turning for rotational parts. This lathe can control two axes, namely x-axis and z axis. General CNC lathe (3) Turning Center: CNC lathes in general, based on an increase of C-axis and the power head, also with a more advanced machine tool library, can control the X, Z and C 3 axis, linkage control axis can be (X, Z), (X, C) or (Z, C). The addition of the C-axis and milling power head, CNC lathe processing function of this greatly enhanced, in addition to a general turning, but also can be radial and axial milling, surface milling, turning parts center line is not in the center hole and the diameter to the hole drilling and other processing. 2. Hydraulic chuck, hydraulic tailstock hydraulic chuck is CNC Turning when the workpiece important accessories, the average rotational parts can be used a hydraulic chuck; of the components were not gripping parts of cylindrical parts, you need to with special chuck; with bar must be used to direct processing of parts spring chuck. Size of the axial and radial size of the ratio of the larger parts, we need a rack installed in the hydraulic end of the living to support the top end of the parts in order to ensure the correct parts for processing. Tailstock has a hydraulic and programmable hydraulic tailstock Tailstock. 3. CNC turret lathe turret lathe can be equipped with two types: (1) special turret lathe manufacturers themselves by the development of the tool holder is used exclusively. This knife has the advantage of lower manufacturing costs, but the lack of versatility. (2) General turret according to certain universal standards (such as VDI, the German Engineers) and the production of the tool holder, CNC lathe CNC lathe according to manufacturer's 数控车床主要用来对旋转体零件进行车削、镗削、钻削、铰削、攻丝等工序的加工。一般能自动完成内外圆柱面、圆锥面、球面、圆柱螺纹、槽及端面等工序的切削加工。
  现代数控车床都具有X、Z两轴的联动功能、刀具位置和刀尖圆弧半径的补偿功能、以及加工固定循环功能。
  数控车床的结构
  1.数控车床简介
  数控车床的组成:数控系统、床身、主轴、进给系统、回转刀架、操作面板和辅助系统等。
  数控车床分为立式数控车床和卧式数控车床两种类型。
  立式数控车床用于回转直径较大的盘类零件车削加工。
  卧式数控车床用于轴向尺寸较长或小型盘类零件的车削加工。
  卧式数控车床按功能可进一步分为经济型数控车床、普通数控车床和车削加工中心
  (1)经济型数控车床:采用步进电动机和单片机对普通车床的车削进给系统进行改造后形成的简易型数控车床。成本较低,自动化程度和功能都比较差,车削加工精度也不高,适用于要求不高的回转类零件的车削加工。
  经济型数控车床
  (2)普通数控车床:根据车削加工要求在结构上进行专门设计,配备通用数控系统而形成的数控车床。数控系统功能强,自动化程度和加工精度也比较高,适用于一般回转类零件的车削加工。这种数控车床可同时控制两个坐标轴,即x轴和z轴。
  普通数控车床
  (3)车削加工中心:在普通数控车床的基础上,增加了C轴和动力头,更高级的机床还带有刀库,可控制X、Z和C三个坐标轴,联动控制轴可以是(X、Z)、(X、C)或(Z、C)。由于增加了C轴和铣削动力头,这种数控车床的加工功能大大增强,除可以进行一般车削外,还可以进行径向和轴向铣削、曲面铣削、中心线不在零件回转中心的孔和径向孔的钻削等加工。
  2.液压卡盘和液压尾架
  液压卡盘是数控车削加工时夹紧工件的重要附件,对一般回转类零件可采用普通液压卡盘;对零件被夹持部位不是圆柱形的零件,则需要采用专用卡盘;用棒料直接加工零件时需要采用弹簧卡盘。
  对轴向尺寸和径向尺寸的比值较大的零件,需要采用安装在液压尾架上的活顶尖对零件尾端进行支撑,才能保证对零件进行正确的加工。尾架有普通液压尾架和可编程液压尾架。
  3.数控车床的刀架
  数控车床可以配备两种刀架:
  (1)专用刀架 由车床生产厂商自己开发,所使用的刀柄也是专用的。这种刀架的优点是制造成本低,但缺乏通用性。
  (2)通用刀架 根据一定的通用标准(如VDI,德国工程师协会)而生产的刀架,数控车床生产厂商可以根据数控车床的功能要求进行选择配置。
  通用刀架
  4.铣削动力头
  数控车床刀架上安装铣削动力头后可以大大扩展数控车床的加工能力。如:利用铣削动力头进行轴向钻孔和铣削轴向槽。
  5.数控车床的刀具
  在数控车床或车削加工中心上车削零件时,应根据车床的刀架结构和可以安装刀具的数量,合理、科学地安排刀具在刀架上的位置,并注意避免刀具在静止和工作时,刀具与机床、刀具与工件以及刀具相互之间的干涉现象。
  数控车床上常用的刀具。
温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考

相关了解……

你可能感兴趣的内容

本站内容来自于网友发表,不代表本站立场,仅表示其个人看法,不对其真实性、正确性、有效性作任何的担保
相关事宜请发邮件给我们
© 非常风气网