it's a measure of the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
这句话语法和逻辑结构是什么？
从一开始就在关注这个问题，一直不敢上贴。怀着学习探究的态度，认真结合楼下两位的分析，并查阅相关语法书籍之后，结论是：
全句是强调句式，强调主语，结构是：主谓宾宾补
现在来说说我的分析：
1、此句总体结构是强调句，并省略了关系代词that (没见过可省that? 请见后面的引证）
全句主干是：
It's + 被强调部分 + (that) are causing South-East Asia's largest economy stiff price rises
less than a year before an election.
被强调部分(a measure of pain fuel subsidies名词短语作主语)，去掉强调后主干是：
[A measure of pain fuel subsidies] [are causing] [South-East Asia's largest economy]
[stiff price rises less than a year before an election.]
2、去掉强调后，句子结构是
主语：A measure of pain fuel subsidies
谓语：are causing
宾语：South-East Asia's largest economy
(以上主谓宾分析与201104yangyang相同，对宾补我有不同看法：)
宾补：stiff price rises less than a year before an election
即我认为那个"to"并不含在宾补中，而是跟在agreed后一并归为定从当中。
为什么这么分？
(1)英语当中有:cause sb. sth.的用法。如：My car has caused me a lot of trouble.
我的汽车给我带来很多麻烦（引自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典 》，下称牛津）
(2)请注意stiff price rises，一个是stiff，另一个是rises（注意有s）
牛津中stiff一词有诸多词性：adj. adv. noun. verb.，
但作verb.时意思只有:"诈骗；不还钱；不给小费"，不符合语境
另外，stiff本身应另有动词形式：stiffen
以上是为了说明此处的stiff不是动词，我认为是形容词adj.
而rises不是动词加s，而是名词复数。stiff price rises只是一个名词短语。
(3)所以全句应该是 sth .cause sb. sth. 的结构。
3.、定语从句:that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to
先行词: economy（此处指“印度尼西亚”）
由上条分析可知，此时即不存在定从中少to/on的问题了。
例句：The committee has agreed to his arrangement．委员会已同意了他的安排。
(来源：英语常用短语词典)
以上是这个句式的语法和逻辑分析。
强调句可以省略that?
以前未见过强调句可以省that，所以拿不太准，为此，专门查了一下有关权威语法书籍，结论是：在非正式语体中有时是可以省略的。下面我简单摘录一下相关证据：
“要知道，在非正式语体中，在强调句中不仅可以省略充当宾语的关系代词，而且也可以省略充当主语的关系代词或充当状语的关系副词：It was at the dance (that) John wore a white suit last night.”(CGEL)" -------《英语常见问题解答大词典》赵振才著，296页。
“(6) I suspected it was on her orders you were bringing him here.强调结构中的that与who在非正式文体中可以省略，如上述例(6)”-----《高级英语语法》薄冰著，569页。
全句是强调句式，强调主语，结构是：主谓宾宾补
现在来说说我的分析：
1、此句总体结构是强调句，并省略了关系代词that (没见过可省that? 请见后面的引证）
全句主干是：
It's + 被强调部分 + (that) are causing South-East Asia's largest economy stiff price rises
less than a year before an election.
被强调部分(a measure of pain fuel subsidies名词短语作主语)，去掉强调后主干是：
[A measure of pain fuel subsidies] [are causing] [South-East Asia's largest economy]
[stiff price rises less than a year before an election.]
2、去掉强调后，句子结构是
主语：A measure of pain fuel subsidies
谓语：are causing
宾语：South-East Asia's largest economy
(以上主谓宾分析与201104yangyang相同，对宾补我有不同看法：)
宾补：stiff price rises less than a year before an election
即我认为那个"to"并不含在宾补中，而是跟在agreed后一并归为定从当中。
为什么这么分？
(1)英语当中有:cause sb. sth.的用法。如：My car has caused me a lot of trouble.
我的汽车给我带来很多麻烦（引自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典 》，下称牛津）
(2)请注意stiff price rises，一个是stiff，另一个是rises（注意有s）
牛津中stiff一词有诸多词性：adj. adv. noun. verb.，
但作verb.时意思只有:"诈骗；不还钱；不给小费"，不符合语境
另外，stiff本身应另有动词形式：stiffen
以上是为了说明此处的stiff不是动词，我认为是形容词adj.
而rises不是动词加s，而是名词复数。stiff price rises只是一个名词短语。
(3)所以全句应该是 sth .cause sb. sth. 的结构。
3.、定语从句:that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to
先行词: economy（此处指“印度尼西亚”）
由上条分析可知，此时即不存在定从中少to/on的问题了。
例句：The committee has agreed to his arrangement．委员会已同意了他的安排。
(来源：英语常用短语词典)
以上是这个句式的语法和逻辑分析。
强调句可以省略that?
以前未见过强调句可以省that，所以拿不太准，为此，专门查了一下有关权威语法书籍，结论是：在非正式语体中有时是可以省略的。下面我简单摘录一下相关证据：
“要知道，在非正式语体中，在强调句中不仅可以省略充当宾语的关系代词，而且也可以省略充当主语的关系代词或充当状语的关系副词：It was at the dance (that) John wore a white suit last night.”(CGEL)" -------《英语常见问题解答大词典》赵振才著，296页。
“(6) I suspected it was on her orders you were bringing him here.强调结构中的that与who在非正式文体中可以省略，如上述例(6)”-----《高级英语语法》薄冰著，569页。
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第1个回答 2013-07-03
大家各抒己见，
我也来冒着 牺牲采纳率说说我自己的看法：
我会把 下面的句子这样切分
it's a measure （of the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election）
第一部分
it's a measure
第二部分of 我觉得在这里可以理解为 about 介词短语做后置定语，
第三部分：
the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
of +第三部分是 measure 的后置定语。
相信 你见过 这样的 句型
i will go to the room of the boys(boys 是人)
i will go to the room of Guantao（观涛是room 的名字，of 起进一步解释说明这个room 的作用）
这句话里面of 的作用 和 第二句一样。
你可能会 进一步问，
the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election这句。
我在详细 说说我对这句的理解：
主语：
the pain fuel subsidies
谓语
are causing
宾语：South-East Asia's largest economy
宾语补足语：
to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
中间的 ： that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed
作为定语从句修饰 economy。
这样会出现一个问题。
agree 后面 少了一个 介词 to 或者 on
在这里可以 加上一个 介词to。
但是加上 后 变为：
the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to to stiff price rises less than a year before an election。
我个人觉得，可能是由于，前后 都加上to 显得 不美观。
故省略一个。
这是我的观点。
我也来冒着 牺牲采纳率说说我自己的看法：
我会把 下面的句子这样切分
it's a measure （of the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election）
第一部分
it's a measure
第二部分of 我觉得在这里可以理解为 about 介词短语做后置定语，
第三部分：
the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
of +第三部分是 measure 的后置定语。
相信 你见过 这样的 句型
i will go to the room of the boys(boys 是人)
i will go to the room of Guantao（观涛是room 的名字，of 起进一步解释说明这个room 的作用）
这句话里面of 的作用 和 第二句一样。
你可能会 进一步问，
the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election这句。
我在详细 说说我对这句的理解：
主语：
the pain fuel subsidies
谓语
are causing
宾语：South-East Asia's largest economy
宾语补足语：
to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
中间的 ： that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed
作为定语从句修饰 economy。
这样会出现一个问题。
agree 后面 少了一个 介词 to 或者 on
在这里可以 加上一个 介词to。
但是加上 后 变为：
the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to to stiff price rises less than a year before an election。
我个人觉得，可能是由于，前后 都加上to 显得 不美观。
故省略一个。
这是我的观点。
第2个回答 2013-07-03
it's a measure of the pain fuel subsidies are causing South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
解答：以上句子为一个强调句子结构，但是句子有点语法错误，正确的应该是下面
It's =It is 因此上面句子
It is a measure of the pain fuel subsidies are causing south-East Asian's largest economy
It is +名词/名词短语+are +doing something 英语语法中没有这种语法规则，
一个句子里面居然出现了2个系动词（是英语语法中不允许的出现的情况）
如果对以上句子作一下修改就是下面的句子：
it's a measure of the pain fuel subsidies caused by South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
It + is +名词 /名词短语+ that 从句 （有that 引导的结果状语从句）
名词短语:a measure of the pain fuel subsidies caused by South-East Asia's largest economy
意思是：东南亚最大的经济体产生了一项燃油补贴削减措施
that 后面从句句子：the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
that 从句句子结构分析
主语：the president and legislator
president的同位语：Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
谓语：have agree
宾语：to stiff price rises
状语：less than a year before an election
意思：总统苏希洛（Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono）和立法机构达成一致意见，在距离选举不足一年的时间里，同意抑制油价上涨。
整句话意思：就是东南亚最大的经济体引起的一项燃油补贴削减措施 使得总统苏希洛和立法机构达成一致意见，在距离选举不足一年的时间里，同意抑制油价上涨。
解答：以上句子为一个强调句子结构，但是句子有点语法错误，正确的应该是下面
It's =It is 因此上面句子
It is a measure of the pain fuel subsidies are causing south-East Asian's largest economy
It is +名词/名词短语+are +doing something 英语语法中没有这种语法规则，
一个句子里面居然出现了2个系动词（是英语语法中不允许的出现的情况）
如果对以上句子作一下修改就是下面的句子：
it's a measure of the pain fuel subsidies caused by South-East Asia's largest economy that the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
It + is +名词 /名词短语+ that 从句 （有that 引导的结果状语从句）
名词短语:a measure of the pain fuel subsidies caused by South-East Asia's largest economy
意思是：东南亚最大的经济体产生了一项燃油补贴削减措施
that 后面从句句子：the president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, and legislators have agreed to stiff price rises less than a year before an election
that 从句句子结构分析
主语：the president and legislator
president的同位语：Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
谓语：have agree
宾语：to stiff price rises
状语：less than a year before an election
意思：总统苏希洛（Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono）和立法机构达成一致意见，在距离选举不足一年的时间里，同意抑制油价上涨。
整句话意思：就是东南亚最大的经济体引起的一项燃油补贴削减措施 使得总统苏希洛和立法机构达成一致意见，在距离选举不足一年的时间里，同意抑制油价上涨。
